Performed a large refactoring

Performed an extensive refactoring on the entire application for the
sake of code-cleanliness.

- Refactored out of an ad-hoc Imperative paradigm into more of a
  functional/declarative paradigm. IMO, this makes the application
  signifcantly easier to understand.

- Moved away from `argparse` and into `docopt` for argument parsing

- Version bump to 2.0.0

- Performed extensive refactoring on the setup.py script. Script should
  install to the system more cleanly now.

- Made minor formatting changes to the --list flag output

- Updated the README

Squashed commit of the following:

commit e5681bd536aa0220cdeb7884cc248db55be408c9
Author: Chris Lane <chris@chris-allen-lane.com>
Date:   Sat Apr 26 23:30:21 2014 -0400

    Fixed many bugs

    Everything seems to work now, I think.

commit 764ec5950cee958eb1b8333ddfcb6bcd45c28429
Author: Chris Lane <chris@chris-allen-lane.com>
Date:   Sat Apr 26 21:51:31 2014 -0400

    Restructuring for the sake of setup.py

    Seem to finally have a working install script

commit 5a866c23857b77ec65070dd8023cd734f2b7c242
Author: Chris Lane <chris@chris-allen-lane.com>
Date:   Sat Apr 26 18:01:11 2014 -0400

    Nits

commit a79954ba5b33d992fa6a32abffb33b161d624e3d
Author: Chris Lane <chris@chris-allen-lane.com>
Date:   Sat Apr 26 17:53:03 2014 -0400

    Implemented search

commit b570a897e9a12c15affe1a72628deae31836dee2
Author: Chris Lane <chris@chris-allen-lane.com>
Date:   Sat Apr 26 17:11:27 2014 -0400

    Nits

commit 1a8d85b44457f1b2131b3e8475c5270b5d0899e3
Author: Chris Lane <chris@chris-allen-lane.com>
Date:   Sat Apr 26 17:02:22 2014 -0400

    Still refactoring across files

    Trying to make the program structure clearer

commit 34dffd6462e492e81ea558e2009a71051b7663c9
Author: Chris Lane <chris@chris-allen-lane.com>
Date:   Sat Apr 26 16:40:37 2014 -0400

    Breaking app into several files

    This is for the sake of code-cleanliness

commit 4825d678ff5f9817ccbf727ef71e5dea15ff2586
Author: Chris Lane <chris@chris-allen-lane.com>
Date:   Sat Apr 26 15:55:19 2014 -0400

    Got syntax highlighting working

commit c37d7a626d451bfca3d4a072eb9fed604085170f
Author: Chris Lane <chris@chris-allen-lane.com>
Date:   Sat Apr 26 15:29:22 2014 -0400

    Reduced verbosity of function names

commit 8e626045186b37dce2480f5af1994ddfa8db79b5
Author: Chris Lane <chris@chris-allen-lane.com>
Date:   Sat Apr 26 15:24:41 2014 -0400

    Refactored argument passing

    Fewer arguments now need to be passed throughout the app.

commit 807ba814650010b3dd1b59d27400b3fb4fcfede7
Author: Chris Lane <chris@chris-allen-lane.com>
Date:   Sat Apr 26 11:40:05 2014 -0400

    Working through the refactor

commit e34e6540d4f8cd727e98aac68289d515a02d5fe6
Author: Chris Lane <chris@chris-allen-lane.com>
Date:   Thu Apr 24 20:00:10 2014 -0400

    Got a basic end-to-end refactor working

    Have re-implemented just the most basic functionality in the "cheat2"
    file.

CHANGELOG

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+Changelog
+=========
+

README.md

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ remember.
 
 ![The obligatory xkcd](http://imgs.xkcd.com/comics/tar.png 'The obligatory xkcd')
 
-`cheat` depends only on python.
+`cheat` depends only on `python` and `pip`.
 
 
 Examples
@@ -15,9 +15,7 @@ Examples
 The next time you're forced to disarm a nuclear weapon without consulting
 Google, you may run:
 
-```sh
     cheat tar
-```
 
 You will be presented with a cheatsheet resembling:
 
@@ -38,7 +36,7 @@ tar -xjvf /path/to/foo.tgz
 tar -cjvf /path/to/foo.tgz /path/to/foo/
 ```
 
-To see what cheatsheets are availble, run `cheat` with no arguments.
+To see what cheatsheets are availble, run `cheat -l`.
 
 Note that, while `cheat` was designed primarily for *nix system administrators,
 it is agnostic as to what content it stores. If you would like to use `cheat`
@@ -47,38 +45,14 @@ to store notes on your favorite cookie recipes, feel free.
 
 Installing
 ==========
+First install the required python dependencies with:
 
-### Installing for all users (requires root)
+    sudo pip install docopt pygments
 
-Clone this repository and `cd` into it, then run
+Then, clone this repository, `cd` into it, and run:
 
     sudo python setup.py install
 
-### Installing in your home directory
-
-Clone this repository and `cd` into it, then run
-
-    mkdir -p ~/bin
-    cp cheat ~/bin
-    mkdir ~/.cheat
-    cp cheatsheets/* ~/.cheat
-
-### Testing
-
-After installing for all users or in your home directory, try `cheat tar` for instance.
-
-### Troubleshooting
-
-In case you got an error such as:
-> ImportError: No module named argparse
-
-You're probably using python < 2.7 and you need to manually install the argparse module.
-You can do this easily with pip:
-```bash
-sudo apt-get install python-pip
-sudo pip install argparse
-```
-Other methods: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/argparse
 
 Modifying Cheatsheets
 =====================
@@ -118,15 +92,11 @@ Setting a CHEATPATH
 You can additionally instruct `cheat` to look for cheatsheets in other
 directories by exporting a `CHEATPATH` environment variable:
 
-```bash
     export CHEATPATH=/path/to/my/cheats
-```
 
 You may, of course, append multiple directories to your `CHEATPATH`:
 
-```bash
     export CHEATPATH=$CHEATPATH:/path/to/more/cheats
-```
 
 You may view which directories are on your `CHEATPATH` with `cheat -d`.
 
@@ -135,18 +105,14 @@ Enabling Syntax Highlighting
 `cheat` can apply syntax highlighting to your cheatsheets if so desired. To
 enable this feature, set a `CHEATCOLORS` environment variable:
 
-```bash
     export CHEATCOLORS=true
-```
 
 Creating/Editing Cheatsheets
 ----------------------------
 Provided that you have an `EDITOR` environment variable set, you may create new
 cheatsheets via:
 
-```bash
     cheat -e foo
-```
 
 If the 'foo' cheatsheet already exists, it will be opened for editing.
 

bin/cheat

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+
+"""cheat
+
+Usage:
+  cheat <cheatsheet>
+  cheat -e <cheatsheet>
+  cheat -s <keyword>
+  cheat -l
+  cheat -d
+  cheat -v
+
+cheat allows you to create and view interactive cheatsheets on the
+command-line. It was designed to help remind *nix system
+administrators of options for commands that they use frequently,
+but not frequently enough to remember.
+
+Examples:
+  To look up 'tar':
+  cheat tar
+
+  To create or edit the cheatsheet for 'foo':
+  cheat -e foo
+
+Options:
+  -d --directories  List directories on CHEATPATH
+  -e --edit         Edit cheatsheet
+  -l --list         List cheatsheets
+  -s --search       Search cheatsheets for <keyword>
+  -v --version      Print the version number
+"""
+
+# require the dependencies
+from cheat import *
+from cheat.utils import *
+from docopt import docopt
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    # parse the command-line options
+    options = docopt(__doc__, version='cheat 2.0.0')
+
+    # list directories
+    if options['--directories']:
+        print("\n".join(sheets.paths()))
+
+    # list cheatsheets
+    elif options['--list']:
+        print(sheets.list())
+
+    # create/edit cheatsheet
+    elif options['--edit']:
+        sheet.create_or_edit(options['<cheatsheet>'])
+
+    # search among the cheatsheets
+    elif options['--search']:
+        print(colorize(sheets.search(options['<keyword>'])))
+
+    # print the cheatsheet
+    else:
+        print(colorize(sheet.read(options['<cheatsheet>'])))

cheat

@@ -1,320 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python
-"""
-cheat.py -- cheat allows you to create and view interactive cheatsheets on the
-            command-line. It was designed to help remind *nix system
-            administrators of options for commands that they use frequently,
-            but not frequently enough to remember.
-
-        This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-        it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
-        the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-        (at your option) any later version.
-
-        This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-        but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-        MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-        GNU General Public License for more details.
-
-        You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
-        along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-"""
-
-import os
-import sys
-import argparse
-import subprocess
-from textwrap import dedent
-
-DEFAULT_CHEAT_DIR = (os.environ.get('DEFAULT_CHEAT_DIR') or
-                     os.path.join(os.path.expanduser('~'), '.cheat'))
-USE_PYGMENTS = False
-
-# NOTE remove this check if it is confirmed to work on windows
-if os.name == 'posix' and 'CHEATCOLORS' in os.environ:
-    try:
-        from pygments import highlight
-        from pygments.util import ClassNotFound
-        from pygments.lexers import get_lexer_for_filename, TextLexer
-        from pygments.formatters import TerminalFormatter
-        USE_PYGMENTS = True
-    except ImportError:
-        pass
-
-
-def pretty_print(filename):
-    """Applies syntax highlighting to a cheatsheet and writes it to stdout"""
-    try:
-        if os.path.splitext(filename)[1]:
-            lexer = get_lexer_for_filename(filename)
-        else:
-            # shell is a sensible default when there is no extension
-            lexer = get_lexer_for_filename(filename + '.sh')
-
-    except ClassNotFound:
-        lexer = TextLexer()
-
-    with open(filename) as istream:
-        code = istream.read()
-
-    fmt = TerminalFormatter()
-    highlight(code, lexer, fmt, sys.stdout)
-
-
-class CheatSheets(object):
-    """Cheatsheets database class."""
-    dirs = None
-    sheets = None
-
-    def __init__(self):
-        self.dirs = self.__cheat_directories()
-        # verify that we have at least one cheat directory
-        if not self.dirs:
-            error_msg = ('The {default} dir does not exist'
-                         ' or the CHEATPATH var is not set.')
-            print >> sys.stderr, error_msg.format(default=DEFAULT_CHEAT_DIR)
-            exit(1)
-        self.sheets = self.__cheat_files()
-
-    def __cheat_directories(self):
-        """Assembles a list of directories containing cheatsheets."""
-        default_directories = [DEFAULT_CHEAT_DIR]
-        try:
-            import cheatsheets
-            default_directories.append(cheatsheets.cheat_dir)
-        except ImportError:
-            pass
-
-        default = [default_dir for default_dir in default_directories
-                   if os.path.isdir(default_dir)]
-
-        if 'CHEATPATH' in os.environ and os.environ['CHEATPATH']:
-            return [path for path in os.environ['CHEATPATH'].split(os.pathsep)
-                    if os.path.isdir(path)] + default
-        else:
-            return default
-
-    def __cheat_files(self):
-        """
-        Assembles a dictionary of cheatsheets found in the above directories.
-        """
-        cheats = {}
-        for cheat_dir in reversed(self.dirs):
-            cheats.update(dict([(cheat, cheat_dir)
-                                for cheat in os.listdir(cheat_dir)
-                                if not cheat.startswith('.')
-                                and not cheat.startswith('__')]))
-        return cheats
-
-    def edit(self, cheat):
-        """Creates or edits a cheatsheet"""
-
-        # Assert that the EDITOR environment variable is set and that at least
-        # 3 arguments have been given
-        if 'EDITOR' not in os.environ:
-            print >> sys.stderr, ('In order to create/edit a cheatsheet you '
-                                  'must set your EDITOR environment variable '
-                                  'to your favorite editor\'s path.')
-            exit(1)
-        elif os.environ['EDITOR'] == "":
-            print >> sys.stderr, ('Your EDITOR environment variable is set '
-                                  'to nothing, in order to create/edit a '
-                                  'cheatsheet your must set it to a valid '
-                                  'editor\'s path.')
-            exit(1)
-        else:
-            editor = os.environ['EDITOR'].split()
-
-        # if the cheatsheet already exists, open it for editing
-        try:
-            if cheat in self.sheets:
-                sheet_path = os.path.join(self.sheets[cheat], cheat)
-                if os.access(sheet_path, os.W_OK):
-                    subprocess.call(editor + [sheet_path])
-                else:
-                    print >> sys.stderr, ("Sheet '%s' [%s] is not editable."
-                                          % (cheat, sheet_path))
-                    print ('Do you want to '
-                           'copy it to your user cheatsheets directory [%s] '
-                           'before editing?\nKeep in mind that your sheet '
-                           'will always be used before system-wide one.'
-                           % DEFAULT_CHEAT_DIR)
-                    awn = raw_input('[y/n] ')
-                    if awn != 'y':
-                        print ('Ok, if you want to edit system-wide sheet, '
-                               'please try `cheat -e <cheatsheet>` '
-                               'again with sudo.')
-                        exit(1)
-                    import shutil
-
-                    # attempt to copy the cheatsheet to DEFAULT_CHEAT_DIR
-                    try:
-                        new_sheet = os.path.join(DEFAULT_CHEAT_DIR, cheat)
-                        shutil.copy(sheet_path, new_sheet)
-                        subprocess.call(editor + [new_sheet])
-
-                    # fail gracefully if the cheatsheet cannot be copied. This
-                    # can happen if DEFAULT_CHEAT_DIR does not exist
-                    except IOError:
-                      print ('Could not copy cheatsheet for editing.')
-                      exit(1)
-
-            # otherwise, create it
-            else:
-                import cheatsheets as cs
-                # Attempt to write the new cheatsheet to the user's ~/.cheat
-                # dir if it exists. If it does not exist, attempt to create it.
-                if os.access(DEFAULT_CHEAT_DIR, os.W_OK) or os.makedirs(DEFAULT_CHEAT_DIR):
-                    subprocess.call(editor
-                                    + [os.path.join(DEFAULT_CHEAT_DIR, cheat)])
-
-                # If the directory cannot be created, write to the python
-                # package directory, though that will likely require the use
-                # of sudo
-                else:
-                    if os.access(sheet_path, os.W_OK):
-                        subprocess.call(editor
-                                        + [os.path.join(cs.cheat_dir, cheat)])
-                    else:
-                        error_msg = ("Couldn't create '%s' cheatsheet.\n"
-                                     "Please retry usig sudo." % cheat)
-                        print >> sys.stderr, error_msg
-                        exit(1)
-        except OSError as errno:
-            print >> sys.stderr, ("Could not launch `%s` as your editor : %s"
-                                  % (editor[0], errno.strerror))
-            exit(1)
-
-    def list(self):
-        """Lists the cheatsheets that are currently available"""
-        max_command = max([len(x) for x in self.sheets.keys()]) + 3
-        return ('\n'.join(sorted(['%s [%s]' % (key.ljust(max_command), value)
-                                  for key, value in self.sheets.items()])))
-
-    def __parse_cheat_command_block(self, cheat):
-        """Parse text blocks inside specified sheet file"""
-        block = ""
-        path = os.path.join(self.sheets[cheat], cheat)
-        with open(path) as cheat_fp:
-            for line in cheat_fp.readlines():
-                if line == '\n':
-                    if block:
-                        yield block
-                    block = ""
-                else:
-                    block += line
-            if block:
-                yield block
-
-    def search(self, term):
-        """Search for a term in sheetcheats"""
-        for cheat in self.sheets.keys():
-            output = ''
-            for block in self.__parse_cheat_command_block(cheat):
-                if term in block:
-                    if not output:
-                        output = cheat + ":\n"
-                    output += ''.join(["    " + line + '\n' for line
-                                       in block.split('\n')])
-            if output:
-                sys.stdout.write(output);
-
-
-# Custom action for argparse
-class ListDirectories(argparse.Action):
-    """List cheat directories and exit"""
-    def __call__(self, parser, namespace, values, option_string=None):
-        print("\n".join(sheets.dirs))
-        parser.exit()
-
-
-class ListCheatsheets(argparse.Action):
-    """List cheatsheets and exit"""
-    def __call__(self, parser, namespace, values, option_string=None):
-        print(sheets.list());
-        parser.exit()
-
-
-class EditSheet(argparse.Action):
-    """If the user wants to edit a cheatsheet"""
-    def __call__(self, parser, namespace, values, option_string=None):
-        sheets.edit(values[0])
-        parser.exit()
-
-
-class SearchSheet(argparse.Action):
-    """If the user wants to search a term inside all cheatsheets"""
-    def __call__(self, parser, namespace, values, option_string=None):
-        sheets.search(values[0])
-        parser.exit()
-
-
-def main():
-    """Main execution function"""
-    global sheets
-    sheets = CheatSheets()
-
-    desc = dedent('''
-    cheat allows you to create and view interactive cheatsheets on the
-    command-line. It was designed to help remind *nix system
-    administrators of options for commands that they use frequently,
-    but not frequently enough to remember.''').strip()
-
-    epi = dedent('''
-    Examples:
-
-    To look up 'tar':
-    cheat tar
-
-    To create or edit the cheatsheet for 'foo':
-    cheat -e foo
-
-    To list the directories on the CHEATPATH
-    cheat -d
-
-    To list the available cheatsheets:
-    cheat -l
-    ''').strip()
-
-    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(prog='cheat',
-                                     description=desc, epilog=epi,
-                                     formatter_class=argparse.
-                                     RawDescriptionHelpFormatter)
-    parser_group = parser.add_mutually_exclusive_group()
-    parser_group.add_argument('sheet', metavar='cheatsheet',
-                              action='store', type=str, nargs='?',
-                              help='Look at <cheatseet>')
-    parser_group.add_argument('-e', '--edit', metavar='cheatsheet',
-                              action=EditSheet, type=str, nargs=1,
-                              help='Edit <cheatsheet>')
-    parser_group.add_argument('-s', '--search', metavar='term',
-                              action=SearchSheet, type=str, nargs=1,
-                              help='Search <term> inside all cheatsheets')
-    parser_group.add_argument('-l', '--list',
-                              action=ListCheatsheets, nargs=0,
-                              help='List all available cheatsheets')
-    parser_group.add_argument('-d', '--cheat-directories',
-                              action=ListDirectories, nargs=0,
-                              help='List all current cheat dirs')
-    args = parser.parse_args()
-    sheet = args.sheet
-
-    # Print the cheatsheet if it exists
-    if not sheet or sheet in ['help', 'cheat']:
-        parser.print_help()
-    elif sheet in sheets.sheets:
-        filename = os.path.join(sheets.sheets[sheet], sheet)
-        if USE_PYGMENTS:
-            pretty_print(filename)
-        else:
-            with open(filename) as istream:
-                for line in istream:
-                    sys.stdout.write(line)
-
-    # if it does not, say so
-    else:
-        print >> sys.stderr, ('No cheatsheet found for %s.' % sheet)
-        exit(1)
-    exit()
-
-if __name__ == '__main__':
-    main()

cheat/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+import sheet
+import sheets
+import utils

cheat/cheatsheets/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+import os
+
+def sheets_dir():
+  return os.path.split(__file__)

cheat/sheet.py

@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+from cheat import sheets 
+from cheat import utils
+from cheat.utils import *
+import os
+import shutil
+import subprocess
+
+
+def copy(current_sheet_path, new_sheet_path):
+    """ Copies a sheet to a new path """
+
+    # attempt to copy the sheet to DEFAULT_CHEAT_DIR
+    try:
+        shutil.copy(current_sheet_path, new_sheet_path)
+
+    # fail gracefully if the cheatsheet cannot be copied. This can happen if
+    # DEFAULT_CHEAT_DIR does not exist
+    except IOError:
+        die ('Could not copy cheatsheet for editing.')
+
+
+def create_or_edit(sheet):
+    """ Creates or edits a cheatsheet """
+
+    # if the cheatsheet does not exist
+    if not exists(sheet):
+        create(sheet)
+    
+    # if the cheatsheet exists and is writeable...
+    elif exists(sheet) and is_writable(sheet):
+        edit(sheet)
+
+    # if the cheatsheet exists but is not writable...
+    elif exists(sheet) and not is_writable(sheet):
+        # ... ask the user if we should copy the cheatsheet to her home directory for editing
+        yes = prompt_yes_or_no(
+          'The ' + sheet + ' sheet is not editable. Do you want to copy it to '
+          'your user cheatsheets directory before editing? Keep in mind that '
+          'your sheet will always be used before system-wide one.'
+        )
+
+        # if yes, copy the cheatsheet to the home directory before editing
+        if yes:
+            copy(path(sheet), os.path.join(sheets.default_path(), sheet))
+            edit(sheet)
+
+        # if no, just abort
+        else:
+            die('Aborting.')
+
+
+def create(sheet):
+    """ Creates a cheatsheet """
+    new_sheet_path = os.path.join(sheets.default_path(), sheet)
+
+    try:
+        subprocess.call([editor(), new_sheet_path])
+
+    except OSError:
+        die('Could not launch ' + editor())
+
+
+def edit(sheet):
+    """ Opens a cheatsheet for editing """
+
+    try:
+        subprocess.call([editor(), path(sheet)])
+
+    except OSError:
+        die('Could not launch ' + editor())
+
+
+def exists(sheet):
+    """ Predicate that returns true if the sheet exists """
+    return sheet in sheets.get() and os.access(path(sheet), os.R_OK)
+
+
+def is_writable(sheet):
+    """ Predicate that returns true if the sheet is writeable """
+    return sheet in sheets.get() and os.access(path(sheet), os.W_OK)
+
+
+def path(sheet):
+    """ Returns a sheet's filesystem path """
+    return sheets.get()[sheet]
+
+
+def read(sheet):
+    """ Returns the contents of the cheatsheet as a String """
+    if not exists(sheet):
+        die('No cheatsheet found for ' + sheet)
+
+    with open (path(sheet)) as cheatfile:
+          return cheatfile.read()