import enum
import os
import random
import uuid
from email.utils import formataddr
from typing import List, Tuple, Optional

import arrow
import sqlalchemy as sa
from arrow import Arrow
from email_validator import validate_email
from flanker.addresslib import address
from flask import url_for
from flask_login import UserMixin
from jinja2 import FileSystemLoader, Environment
from sqlalchemy import orm
from sqlalchemy import text, desc, CheckConstraint, Index, Column
from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import TSVECTOR
from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
from sqlalchemy.orm import deferred
from sqlalchemy_utils import ArrowType

from app import s3
from app.config import (
    MAX_NB_EMAIL_FREE_PLAN,
    URL,
    AVATAR_URL_EXPIRATION,
    JOB_ONBOARDING_1,
    JOB_ONBOARDING_2,
    JOB_ONBOARDING_4,
    LANDING_PAGE_URL,
    FIRST_ALIAS_DOMAIN,
    DISABLE_ONBOARDING,
    UNSUBSCRIBER,
    ALIAS_RANDOM_SUFFIX_LENGTH,
    MAX_NB_SUBDOMAIN,
    MAX_NB_DIRECTORY,
    ROOT_DIR,
)
from app.db import Session
from app.errors import (
    AliasInTrashError,
    DirectoryInTrashError,
    SubdomainInTrashError,
    CannotCreateContactForReverseAlias,
)
from app.log import LOG
from app.oauth_models import Scope
from app.pw_models import PasswordOracle
from app.utils import (
    convert_to_id,
    random_string,
    random_words,
    sanitize_email,
    random_word,
)

Base = declarative_base()


class TSVector(sa.types.TypeDecorator):
    impl = TSVECTOR


class ModelMixin(object):
    id = sa.Column(sa.Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
    created_at = sa.Column(ArrowType, default=arrow.utcnow, nullable=False)
    updated_at = sa.Column(ArrowType, default=None, onupdate=arrow.utcnow)

    _repr_hide = ["created_at", "updated_at"]

    @classmethod
    def query(cls):
        return Session.query(cls)

    @classmethod
    def yield_per_query(cls, page=1000):
        """to be used when iterating on a big table to avoid taking all the memory"""
        return Session.query(cls).yield_per(page).enable_eagerloads(False)

    @classmethod
    def get(cls, id):
        return Session.query(cls).get(id)

    @classmethod
    def get_by(cls, **kw):
        return Session.query(cls).filter_by(**kw).first()

    @classmethod
    def filter_by(cls, **kw):
        return Session.query(cls).filter_by(**kw)

    @classmethod
    def filter(cls, *args, **kw):
        return Session.query(cls).filter(*args, **kw)

    @classmethod
    def order_by(cls, *args, **kw):
        return Session.query(cls).order_by(*args, **kw)

    @classmethod
    def all(cls):
        return Session.query(cls).all()

    @classmethod
    def count(cls):
        return Session.query(cls).count()

    @classmethod
    def get_or_create(cls, **kw):
        r = cls.get_by(**kw)
        if not r:
            r = cls(**kw)
            Session.add(r)

        return r

    @classmethod
    def create(cls, **kw):
        # whether to call Session.commit
        commit = kw.pop("commit", False)
        flush = kw.pop("flush", False)

        r = cls(**kw)
        Session.add(r)

        if commit:
            Session.commit()

        if flush:
            Session.flush()

        return r

    def save(self):
        Session.add(self)

    @classmethod
    def delete(cls, obj_id, commit=False):
        Session.query(cls).filter(cls.id == obj_id).delete()

        if commit:
            Session.commit()

    @classmethod
    def first(cls):
        return Session.query(cls).first()

    def __repr__(self):
        values = ", ".join(
            "%s=%r" % (n, getattr(self, n))
            for n in self.__table__.c.keys()
            if n not in self._repr_hide
        )
        return "%s(%s)" % (self.__class__.__name__, values)


class File(Base, ModelMixin):
    __tablename__ = "file"
    path = sa.Column(sa.String(128), unique=True, nullable=False)
    user_id = sa.Column(sa.ForeignKey("users.id", ondelete="cascade"), nullable=True)

    def get_url(self, expires_in=3600):
        return s3.get_url(self.path, expires_in)

    def __repr__(self):
        return f"<File {self.path}>"


class EnumE(enum.Enum):
    @classmethod
    def has_value(cls, value: int) -> bool:
        return value in set(item.value for item in cls)

    @classmethod
    def get_name(cls, value: int) -> Optional[str]:
        for item in cls:
            if item.value == value:
                return item.name

        return None

    @classmethod
    def has_name(cls, name: str) -> bool:
        for item in cls:
            if item.name == name:
                return True

        return False

    @classmethod
    def get_value(cls, name: str) -> Optional[int]:
        for item in cls:
            if item.name == name:
                return item.value

        return None


class PlanEnum(EnumE):
    monthly = 2
    yearly = 3


# Specify the format for sender address
class SenderFormatEnum(EnumE):
    AT = 0  # John Wick - john at wick.com
    A = 2  # John Wick - john(a)wick.com
    NAME_ONLY = 5  # John Wick
    AT_ONLY = 6  # john at wick.com
    NO_NAME = 7


class AliasGeneratorEnum(EnumE):
    word = 1  # aliases are generated based on random words
    uuid = 2  # aliases are generated based on uuid


class AliasSuffixEnum(EnumE):
    word = 0  # Random word from dictionary file
    random_string = 1  # Completely random string


class BlockBehaviourEnum(EnumE):
    return_2xx = 0
    return_5xx = 1


class AuditLogActionEnum(EnumE):
    create_object = 0
    update_object = 1
    delete_object = 2
    manual_upgrade = 3
    extend_trial = 4
    disable_2fa = 5
    logged_as_user = 6


class Hibp(Base, ModelMixin):
    __tablename__ = "hibp"
    name = sa.Column(sa.String(), nullable=False, unique=True, index=True)
    breached_aliases = orm.relationship("Alias", secondary="alias_hibp")

    description = sa.Column(sa.Text)
    date = sa.Column(ArrowType, nullable=True)

    def __repr__(self):
        return f"<HIBP Breach {self.id} {self.name}>"


class HibpNotifiedAlias(Base, ModelMixin):
    """Contain list of aliases that have been notified to users
    So that we can only notify users of new aliases.
    """

    __tablename__ = "hibp_notified_alias"
    alias_id = sa.Column(sa.ForeignKey("alias.id", ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False)
    user_id = sa.Column(sa.ForeignKey("users.id", ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False)

    notified_at = sa.Column(ArrowType, default=arrow.utcnow, nullable=False)


class Fido(Base, ModelMixin):
    __tablename__ = "fido"
    credential_id = sa.Column(sa.String(), nullable=False, unique=True, index=True)
    uuid = sa.Column(
        sa.ForeignKey("users.fido_uuid", ondelete="cascade"),
        unique=False,
        nullable=False,
    )
    public_key = sa.Column(sa.String(), nullable=False, unique=True)
    sign_count = sa.Column(sa.BigInteger(), nullable=False)
    name = sa.Column(sa.String(128), nullable=False, unique=False)
    user_id = sa.Column(sa.ForeignKey("users.id", ondelete="cascade"), nullable=True)


class User(Base, ModelMixin, UserMixin, PasswordOracle):
    __tablename__ = "users"
    email = sa.Column(sa.String(256), unique=True, nullable=False)

    name = sa.Column(sa.String(128), nullable=True)
    is_admin = sa.Column(sa.Boolean, nullable=False, default=False)
    alias_generator = sa.Column(
        sa.Integer,
        nullable=False,
        default=AliasGeneratorEnum.word.value,
        server_default=str(AliasGeneratorEnum.word.value),
    )
    notification = sa.Column(
        sa.Boolean, default=True, nullable=False, server_default="1"
    )

    activated = sa.Column(sa.Boolean, default=False, nullable=False)

    # an account can be disabled if having harmful behavior
    disabled = sa.Column(sa.Boolean, default=False, nullable=False, server_default="0")

    profile_picture_id = sa.Column(sa.ForeignKey(File.id), nullable=True)

    otp_secret = sa.Column(sa.String(16), nullable=True)
    enable_otp = sa.Column(
        sa.Boolean, nullable=False, default=False, server_default="0"
    )
    last_otp = sa.Column(sa.String(12), nullable=True, default=False)

    # Fields for WebAuthn
    fido_uuid = sa.Column(sa.String(), nullable=True, unique=True)

    # the default domain that's used when user creates a new random alias
    # default_alias_custom_domain_id XOR default_alias_public_domain_id
    default_alias_custom_domain_id = sa.Column(
        sa.ForeignKey("custom_domain.id", ondelete="SET NULL"),
        nullable=True,
        default=None,
    )

    default_alias_public_domain_id = sa.Column(
        sa.ForeignKey("public_domain.id", ondelete="SET NULL"),
        nullable=True,
        default=None,
    )

    # some users could have lifetime premium
    lifetime = sa.Column(sa.Boolean, default=False, nullable=False, server_default="0")
    paid_lifetime = sa.Column(
        sa.Boolean, default=False, nullable=False, server_default="0"
    )
    lifetime_coupon_id = sa.Column(
        sa.ForeignKey("lifetime_coupon.id", ondelete="SET NULL"),
        nullable=True,
        default=None,
    )

    # user can use all premium features until this date
    trial_end = sa.Column(
        ArrowType, default=lambda: arrow.now().shift(days=7, hours=1), nullable=True
    )

    # the mailbox used when create random alias
    # this field is nullable but in practice, it's always set
    # it cannot be set to non-nullable though
    # as this will create foreign key cycle between User and Mailbox
    default_mailbox_id = sa.Column(
        sa.ForeignKey("mailbox.id"), nullable=True, default=None
    )

    profile_picture = orm.relationship(File, foreign_keys=[profile_picture_id])

    # Specify the format for sender address
    # for the full list, see SenderFormatEnum
    sender_format = sa.Column(
        sa.Integer, default="0", nullable=False, server_default="0"
    )
    # to know whether user has explicitly chosen a sender format as opposed to those who use the default ones.
    # users who haven't chosen a sender format and are using 1 or 3 format, their sender format will be set to 0
    sender_format_updated_at = sa.Column(ArrowType, default=None)

    replace_reverse_alias = sa.Column(
        sa.Boolean, default=False, nullable=False, server_default="0"
    )

    referral_id = sa.Column(
        sa.ForeignKey("referral.id", ondelete="SET NULL"), nullable=True, default=None
    )

    referral = orm.relationship("Referral", foreign_keys=[referral_id])

    # whether intro has been shown to user
    intro_shown = sa.Column(
        sa.Boolean, default=False, nullable=False, server_default="0"
    )

    default_mailbox = orm.relationship("Mailbox", foreign_keys=[default_mailbox_id])

    # user can set a more strict max_spam score to block spams more aggressively
    max_spam_score = sa.Column(sa.Integer, nullable=True)

    # newsletter is sent to this address
    newsletter_alias_id = sa.Column(
        sa.ForeignKey("alias.id", ondelete="SET NULL"), nullable=True, default=None
    )

    # whether to include the sender address in reverse-alias
    include_sender_in_reverse_alias = sa.Column(
        sa.Boolean, default=False, nullable=False, server_default="0"
    )

    # whether to use random string or random word as suffix
    # Random word from dictionary file -> 0
    # Completely random string -> 1
    random_alias_suffix = sa.Column(
        sa.Integer,
        nullable=False,
        default=AliasSuffixEnum.random_string.value,
        server_default=str(AliasSuffixEnum.random_string.value),
    )

    # always expand the alias info, i.e. without needing to press "More"
    expand_alias_info = sa.Column(
        sa.Boolean, default=False, nullable=False, server_default="0"
    )

    # ignore emails send from a mailbox to its alias. This can happen when replying all to a forwarded email
    # can automatically re-includes the alias
    ignore_loop_email = sa.Column(
        sa.Boolean, default=False, nullable=False, server_default="0"
    )

    # used for flask-login as an "alternative token"
    # cf https://flask-login.readthedocs.io/en/latest/#alternative-tokens
    alternative_id = sa.Column(sa.String(128), unique=True, nullable=True)

    # by default, when an alias is automatically created, a note like "Created with ...." is created
    # If this field is True, the note won't be created.
    disable_automatic_alias_note = sa.Column(
        sa.Boolean, default=False, nullable=False, server_default="0"
    )

    # By default, the one-click unsubscribe disable the alias
    # If set to true, it will block the sender instead
    one_click_unsubscribe_block_sender = sa.Column(
        sa.Boolean, default=False, nullable=False, server_default="0"
    )

    # automatically include the website name when user creates an alias via the SimpleLogin icon in the email field
    include_website_in_one_click_alias = sa.Column(
        sa.Boolean,
        # new user will have this option turned on automatically
        default=True,
        nullable=False,
        # old user will have this option turned off
        server_default="0",
    )

    _directory_quota = sa.Column(
        "directory_quota", sa.Integer, default=50, nullable=False, server_default="50"
    )

    _subdomain_quota = sa.Column(
        "subdomain_quota", sa.Integer, default=5, nullable=False, server_default="5"
    )

    # user can use import to import too many aliases
    disable_import = sa.Column(
        sa.Boolean, default=False, nullable=False, server_default="0"
    )

    # user can use the phone feature
    can_use_phone = sa.Column(
        sa.Boolean, default=False, nullable=False, server_default="0"
    )

    # in minutes
    phone_quota = sa.Column(sa.Integer, nullable=True)

    # Status code to return if is blocked
    block_behaviour = sa.Column(
        sa.Enum(BlockBehaviourEnum),
        nullable=False,
        server_default=BlockBehaviourEnum.return_2xx.name,
    )

    # to keep existing behavior, the server default is TRUE whereas for new user, the default value is FALSE
    include_header_email_header = sa.Column(
        sa.Boolean, default=False, nullable=False, server_default="1"
    )

    @property
    def directory_quota(self):
        return min(
            self._directory_quota,
            MAX_NB_DIRECTORY - Directory.filter_by(user_id=self.id).count(),
        )

    @property
    def subdomain_quota(self):
        return min(
            self._subdomain_quota,
            MAX_NB_SUBDOMAIN
            - CustomDomain.filter_by(user_id=self.id, is_sl_subdomain=True).count(),
        )

    @staticmethod
    def subdomain_is_available():
        return SLDomain.filter_by(can_use_subdomain=True).count() > 0

    # implement flask-login "alternative token"
    def get_id(self):
        if self.alternative_id:
            return self.alternative_id
        else:
            return str(self.id)

    @classmethod
    def create(cls, email, name="", password=None, **kwargs):
        user: User = super(User, cls).create(email=email, name=name, **kwargs)

        if password:
            user.set_password(password)

        Session.flush()

        mb = Mailbox.create(user_id=user.id, email=user.email, verified=True)
        Session.flush()
        user.default_mailbox_id = mb.id

        # create a first alias mail to show user how to use when they login
        alias = Alias.create_new(
            user,
            prefix="simplelogin-newsletter",
            mailbox_id=mb.id,
            note="This is your first alias. It's used to receive SimpleLogin communications "
            "like new features announcements, newsletters.",
        )
        Session.flush()

        user.newsletter_alias_id = alias.id
        Session.flush()

        # generate an alternative_id if needed
        if "alternative_id" not in kwargs:
            user.alternative_id = str(uuid.uuid4())

        if DISABLE_ONBOARDING:
            LOG.d("Disable onboarding emails")
            return user

        # Schedule onboarding emails
        Job.create(
            name=JOB_ONBOARDING_1,
            payload={"user_id": user.id},
            run_at=arrow.now().shift(days=1),
        )
        Job.create(
            name=JOB_ONBOARDING_2,
            payload={"user_id": user.id},
            run_at=arrow.now().shift(days=2),
        )
        Job.create(
            name=JOB_ONBOARDING_4,
            payload={"user_id": user.id},
            run_at=arrow.now().shift(days=3),
        )
        Session.flush()

        return user

    # region Billing
    def lifetime_or_active_subscription(self) -> bool:
        """True if user has lifetime licence or active subscription"""
        if self.lifetime:
            return True

        sub: Subscription = self.get_subscription()
        if sub:
            return True

        apple_sub: AppleSubscription = AppleSubscription.get_by(user_id=self.id)
        if apple_sub and apple_sub.is_valid():
            return True

        manual_sub: ManualSubscription = ManualSubscription.get_by(user_id=self.id)
        if manual_sub and manual_sub.is_active():
            return True

        coinbase_subscription: CoinbaseSubscription = CoinbaseSubscription.get_by(
            user_id=self.id
        )
        if coinbase_subscription and coinbase_subscription.is_active():
            return True

        return False

    def is_paid(self) -> bool:
        """same as _lifetime_or_active_subscription but not include free manual subscription"""
        sub: Subscription = self.get_subscription()
        if sub:
            return True

        apple_sub: AppleSubscription = AppleSubscription.get_by(user_id=self.id)
        if apple_sub and apple_sub.is_valid():
            return True

        manual_sub: ManualSubscription = ManualSubscription.get_by(user_id=self.id)
        if manual_sub and not manual_sub.is_giveaway and manual_sub.is_active():
            return True

        coinbase_subscription: CoinbaseSubscription = CoinbaseSubscription.get_by(
            user_id=self.id
        )
        if coinbase_subscription and coinbase_subscription.is_active():
            return True

        return False

    def in_trial(self):
        """return True if user does not have lifetime licence or an active subscription AND is in trial period"""
        if self.lifetime_or_active_subscription():
            return False

        if self.trial_end and arrow.now() < self.trial_end:
            return True

        return False

    def should_show_upgrade_button(self):
        if self.lifetime_or_active_subscription():
            # user who has canceled can also re-subscribe
            sub: Subscription = self.get_subscription()
            if sub and sub.cancelled:
                return True

            return False

        return True

    def is_premium(self) -> bool:
        """
        user is premium if they:
        - have a lifetime deal or
        - in trial period or
        - active subscription
        """
        if self.lifetime_or_active_subscription():
            return True

        if self.trial_end and arrow.now() < self.trial_end:
            return True

        return False

    @property
    def upgrade_channel(self) -> str:
        """Used on admin dashboard"""
        # user can have multiple subscription channel
        channels = []
        if self.lifetime:
            channels.append("Lifetime")

        sub: Subscription = self.get_subscription()
        if sub:
            if sub.cancelled:
                channels.append(
                    f"Cancelled Paddle Subscription {sub.subscription_id} {sub.plan_name()}"
                )
            else:
                channels.append(
                    f"Active Paddle Subscription {sub.subscription_id} {sub.plan_name()}"
                )

        apple_sub: AppleSubscription = AppleSubscription.get_by(user_id=self.id)
        if apple_sub and apple_sub.is_valid():
            channels.append(f"Apple Subscription {apple_sub.expires_date.humanize()}")

        manual_sub: ManualSubscription = ManualSubscription.get_by(user_id=self.id)
        if manual_sub and manual_sub.is_active():
            mode = "Giveaway" if manual_sub.is_giveaway else "Paid"
            channels.append(
                f"Manual Subscription {manual_sub.comment} {mode} {manual_sub.end_at.humanize()}"
            )

        coinbase_subscription: CoinbaseSubscription = CoinbaseSubscription.get_by(
            user_id=self.id
        )
        if coinbase_subscription and coinbase_subscription.is_active():
            channels.append(
                f"Coinbase Subscription ends {coinbase_subscription.end_at.humanize()}"
            )

        return ".\n".join(channels)

    # endregion

    def can_create_new_alias(self) -> bool:
        """
        Whether user can create a new alias. User can't create a new alias if
        - has more than 15 aliases in the free plan, *even in the free trial*
        """
        if self.lifetime_or_active_subscription():
            return True
        else:
            return Alias.filter_by(user_id=self.id).count() < MAX_NB_EMAIL_FREE_PLAN

    def profile_picture_url(self):
        if self.profile_picture_id:
            return self.profile_picture.get_url()
        else:
            return url_for("static", filename="default-avatar.png")

    def suggested_emails(self, website_name) -> (str, [str]):
        """return suggested email and other email choices"""
        website_name = convert_to_id(website_name)

        all_aliases = [
            ge.email for ge in Alias.filter_by(user_id=self.id, enabled=True)
        ]
        if self.can_create_new_alias():
            suggested_alias = Alias.create_new(self, prefix=website_name).email
        else:
            # pick an email from the list of gen emails
            suggested_alias = random.choice(all_aliases)

        return (
            suggested_alias,
            list(set(all_aliases).difference({suggested_alias})),
        )

    def suggested_names(self) -> (str, [str]):
        """return suggested name and other name choices"""
        other_name = convert_to_id(self.name)

        return self.name, [other_name, "Anonymous", "whoami"]

    def get_name_initial(self) -> str:
        if not self.name:
            return ""
        names = self.name.split(" ")
        return "".join([n[0].upper() for n in names if n])

    def get_subscription(self) -> Optional["Subscription"]:
        """return *active* Paddle subscription
        Return None if the subscription is already expired
        TODO: support user unsubscribe and re-subscribe
        """
        sub = Subscription.get_by(user_id=self.id)

        if sub:
            # sub is active until the next billing_date + 1
            if sub.next_bill_date >= arrow.now().shift(days=-1).date():
                return sub
            # past subscription, user is considered not having a subscription = free plan
            else:
                return None
        else:
            return sub

    def verified_custom_domains(self) -> List["CustomDomain"]:
        return CustomDomain.filter_by(user_id=self.id, ownership_verified=True).all()

    def mailboxes(self) -> List["Mailbox"]:
        """list of mailbox that user own"""
        mailboxes = []

        for mailbox in Mailbox.filter_by(user_id=self.id, verified=True):
            mailboxes.append(mailbox)

        return mailboxes

    def nb_directory(self):
        return Directory.filter_by(user_id=self.id).count()

    def has_custom_domain(self):
        return CustomDomain.filter_by(user_id=self.id, verified=True).count() > 0

    def custom_domains(self):
        return CustomDomain.filter_by(user_id=self.id, verified=True).all()

    def available_domains_for_random_alias(self) -> List[Tuple[bool, str]]:
        """Return available domains for user to create random aliases
        Each result record contains:
        - whether the domain belongs to SimpleLogin
        - the domain
        """
        res = []
        for domain in self.available_sl_domains():
            res.append((True, domain))

        for custom_domain in self.verified_custom_domains():
            res.append((False, custom_domain.domain))

        return res

    def default_random_alias_domain(self) -> str:
        """return the domain used for the random alias"""
        if self.default_alias_custom_domain_id:
            custom_domain = CustomDomain.get(self.default_alias_custom_domain_id)
            # sanity check
            if (
                not custom_domain
                or not custom_domain.verified
                or custom_domain.user_id != self.id
            ):
                LOG.w("Problem with %s default random alias domain", self)
                return FIRST_ALIAS_DOMAIN

            return custom_domain.domain

        if self.default_alias_public_domain_id:
            sl_domain = SLDomain.get(self.default_alias_public_domain_id)
            # sanity check
            if not sl_domain:
                LOG.e("Problem with %s public random alias domain", self)
                return FIRST_ALIAS_DOMAIN

            if sl_domain.premium_only and not self.is_premium():
                LOG.w(
                    "%s is not premium and cannot use %s. Reset default random alias domain setting",
                    self,
                    sl_domain,
                )
                self.default_alias_custom_domain_id = None
                self.default_alias_public_domain_id = None
                Session.commit()
                return FIRST_ALIAS_DOMAIN

            return sl_domain.domain

        return FIRST_ALIAS_DOMAIN

    def fido_enabled(self) -> bool:
        if self.fido_uuid is not None:
            return True
        return False

    def two_factor_authentication_enabled(self) -> bool:
        return self.enable_otp or self.fido_enabled()

    def get_communication_email(self) -> (Optional[str], str, bool):
        """
        Return
        - the email that user uses to receive email communication. None if user unsubscribes from newsletter
        - the unsubscribe URL
        - whether the unsubscribe method is via sending email (mailto:) or Http POST
        """
        if self.notification and self.activated and not self.disabled:
            if self.newsletter_alias_id:
                alias = Alias.get(self.newsletter_alias_id)
                if alias.enabled:
                    unsubscribe_link, via_email = alias.unsubscribe_link()
                    return alias.email, unsubscribe_link, via_email
                # alias disabled -> user doesn't want to receive newsletter
                else:
                    return None, None, False
            else:
                # do not handle http POST unsubscribe
                if UNSUBSCRIBER:
                    # use * as suffix instead of = as for alias unsubscribe
                    return self.email, f"mailto:{UNSUBSCRIBER}?subject={self.id}*", True

        return None, None, False

    def available_sl_domains(self) -> [str]:
        """
        Return all SimpleLogin domains that user can use when creating a new alias, including:
        - SimpleLogin public domains, available for all users (ALIAS_DOMAIN)
        - SimpleLogin premium domains, only available for Premium accounts (PREMIUM_ALIAS_DOMAIN)
        """
        return [sl_domain.domain for sl_domain in self.get_sl_domains()]

    def get_sl_domains(self) -> List["SLDomain"]:
        if self.is_premium():
            return SLDomain.all()
        else:
            return SLDomain.filter_by(premium_only=False).all()

    def available_alias_domains(self) -> [str]:
        """return all domains that user can use when creating a new alias, including:
        - SimpleLogin public domains, available for all users (ALIAS_DOMAIN)
        - SimpleLogin premium domains, only available for Premium accounts (PREMIUM_ALIAS_DOMAIN)
        - Verified custom domains

        """
        domains = self.available_sl_domains()

        for custom_domain in self.verified_custom_domains():
            domains.append(custom_domain.domain)

        # can have duplicate where a "root" user has a domain that's also listed in SL domains
        return list(set(domains))

    def should_show_app_page(self) -> bool:
        """whether to show the app page"""
        return (
            # when user has used the "Sign in with SL" button before
            ClientUser.filter(ClientUser.user_id == self.id).count()
            # or when user has created an app
            + Client.filter(Client.user_id == self.id).count()
            > 0
        )

    def get_random_alias_suffix(self):
        """Get random suffix for an alias based on user's preference.


        Returns:
            str: the random suffix generated
        """
        if self.random_alias_suffix == AliasSuffixEnum.random_string.value:
            return random_string(ALIAS_RANDOM_SUFFIX_LENGTH, include_digits=True)
        return random_word()

    def __repr__(self):
        return f"<User {self.id} {self.name} {self.email}>"


def _expiration_1h():
    return arrow.now().shift(hours=1)


def _expiration_12h():
    return arrow.now().shift(hours=12)


def _expiration_5m():
    return arrow.now().shift(minutes=5)


def _expiration_7d():
    return arrow.now().shift(days=7)


class ActivationCode(Base, ModelMixin):
    """For activate user account"""

    __tablename__ = "activation_code"

    user_id = sa.Column(sa.ForeignKey(User.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False)
    code = sa.Column(sa.String(128), unique=True, nullable=False)

    user = orm.relationship(User)

    expired = sa.Column(ArrowType, nullable=False, default=_expiration_1h)

    def is_expired(self):
        return self.expired < arrow.now()


class ResetPasswordCode(Base, ModelMixin):
    """For resetting password"""

    __tablename__ = "reset_password_code"

    user_id = sa.Column(sa.ForeignKey(User.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False)
    code = sa.Column(sa.String(128), unique=True, nullable=False)

    user = orm.relationship(User)

    expired = sa.Column(ArrowType, nullable=False, default=_expiration_1h)

    def is_expired(self):
        return self.expired < arrow.now()


class SocialAuth(Base, ModelMixin):
    """Store how user authenticates with social login"""

    __tablename__ = "social_auth"

    user_id = sa.Column(sa.ForeignKey(User.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False)

    # name of the social login used, could be facebook, google or github
    social = sa.Column(sa.String(128), nullable=False)

    __table_args__ = (sa.UniqueConstraint("user_id", "social", name="uq_social_auth"),)


# <<< OAUTH models >>>


def generate_oauth_client_id(client_name) -> str:
    oauth_client_id = convert_to_id(client_name) + "-" + random_string()

    # check that the client does not exist yet
    if not Client.get_by(oauth_client_id=oauth_client_id):
        LOG.d("generate oauth_client_id %s", oauth_client_id)
        return oauth_client_id

    # Rerun the function
    LOG.w("client_id %s already exists, generate a new client_id", oauth_client_id)
    return generate_oauth_client_id(client_name)


class MfaBrowser(Base, ModelMixin):
    __tablename__ = "mfa_browser"

    user_id = sa.Column(sa.ForeignKey(User.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False)
    token = sa.Column(sa.String(64), default=False, unique=True, nullable=False)
    expires = sa.Column(ArrowType, default=False, nullable=False)

    user = orm.relationship(User)

    @classmethod
    def create_new(cls, user, token_length=64) -> "MfaBrowser":
        found = False
        while not found:
            token = random_string(token_length)

            if not cls.get_by(token=token):
                found = True

        return MfaBrowser.create(
            user_id=user.id,
            token=token,
            expires=arrow.now().shift(days=30),
        )

    @classmethod
    def delete(cls, token):
        cls.filter(cls.token == token).delete()
        Session.commit()

    @classmethod
    def delete_expired(cls):
        cls.filter(cls.expires < arrow.now()).delete()
        Session.commit()

    def is_expired(self):
        return self.expires < arrow.now()

    def reset_expire(self):
        self.expires = arrow.now().shift(days=30)


class Client(Base, ModelMixin):
    __tablename__ = "client"
    oauth_client_id = sa.Column(sa.String(128), unique=True, nullable=False)
    oauth_client_secret = sa.Column(sa.String(128), nullable=False)

    name = sa.Column(sa.String(128), nullable=False)
    home_url = sa.Column(sa.String(1024))

    # user who created this client
    user_id = sa.Column(sa.ForeignKey(User.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False)
    icon_id = sa.Column(sa.ForeignKey(File.id), nullable=True)

    # an app needs to be approved by SimpleLogin team
    approved = sa.Column(sa.Boolean, nullable=False, default=False, server_default="0")
    description = sa.Column(sa.Text, nullable=True)

    # a referral can be attached to a client
    # so all users who sign up via the authorize screen are counted towards this referral
    referral_id = sa.Column(
        sa.ForeignKey("referral.id", ondelete="SET NULL"), nullable=True
    )

    icon = orm.relationship(File)
    user = orm.relationship(User)
    referral = orm.relationship("Referral")

    def nb_user(self):
        return ClientUser.filter_by(client_id=self.id).count()

    def get_scopes(self) -> [Scope]:
        # todo: client can choose which scopes they want to have access
        return [Scope.NAME, Scope.EMAIL, Scope.AVATAR_URL]

    @classmethod
    def create_new(cls, name, user_id) -> "Client":
        # generate a client-id
        oauth_client_id = generate_oauth_client_id(name)
        oauth_client_secret = random_string(40)
        client = Client.create(
            name=name,
            oauth_client_id=oauth_client_id,
            oauth_client_secret=oauth_client_secret,
            user_id=user_id,
        )

        return client

    def get_icon_url(self):
        if self.icon_id:
            return self.icon.get_url()
        else:
            return URL + "/static/default-icon.svg"

    def last_user_login(self) -> "ClientUser":
        client_user = (
            ClientUser.filter(ClientUser.client_id == self.id)
            .order_by(ClientUser.updated_at)
            .first()
        )
        if client_user:
            return client_user
        return None


class RedirectUri(Base, ModelMixin):
    """Valid redirect uris for a client"""

    __tablename__ = "redirect_uri"

    client_id = sa.Column(sa.ForeignKey(Client.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False)
    uri = sa.Column(sa.String(1024), nullable=False)

    client = orm.relationship(Client, backref="redirect_uris")


class AuthorizationCode(Base, ModelMixin):
    __tablename__ = "authorization_code"

    code = sa.Column(sa.String(128), unique=True, nullable=False)
    client_id = sa.Column(sa.ForeignKey(Client.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False)
    user_id = sa.Column(sa.ForeignKey(User.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False)

    scope = sa.Column(sa.String(128))
    redirect_uri = sa.Column(sa.String(1024))

    # what is the input response_type, e.g. "code", "code,id_token", ...
    response_type = sa.Column(sa.String(128))

    nonce = sa.Column(sa.Text, nullable=True, default=None, server_default=text("NULL"))

    user = orm.relationship(User, lazy=False)
    client = orm.relationship(Client, lazy=False)

    expired = sa.Column(ArrowType, nullable=False, default=_expiration_5m)

    def is_expired(self):
        return self.expired < arrow.now()


class OauthToken(Base, ModelMixin):
    __tablename__ = "oauth_token"

    access_token = sa.Column(sa.String(128), unique=True)
    client_id = sa.Column(sa.ForeignKey(Client.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False)
    user_id = sa.Column(sa.ForeignKey(User.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False)

    scope = sa.Column(sa.String(128))
    redirect_uri = sa.Column(sa.String(1024))

    # what is the input response_type, e.g. "token", "token,id_token", ...
    response_type = sa.Column(sa.String(128))

    user = orm.relationship(User)
    client = orm.relationship(Client)

    expired = sa.Column(ArrowType, nullable=False, default=_expiration_1h)

    def is_expired(self):
        return self.expired < arrow.now()


def generate_email(
    scheme: int = AliasGeneratorEnum.word.value,
    in_hex: bool = False,
    alias_domain=FIRST_ALIAS_DOMAIN,
) -> str:
    """generate an email address that does not exist before
    :param alias_domain: the domain used to generate the alias.
    :param scheme: int, value of AliasGeneratorEnum, indicate how the email is generated
    :type in_hex: bool, if the generate scheme is uuid, is hex favorable?
    """
    if scheme == AliasGeneratorEnum.uuid.value:
        name = uuid.uuid4().hex if in_hex else uuid.uuid4().__str__()
        random_email = name + "@" + alias_domain
    else:
        random_email = random_words() + "@" + alias_domain

    random_email = random_email.lower().strip()

    # check that the client does not exist yet
    if not Alias.get_by(email=random_email) and not DeletedAlias.get_by(
        email=random_email
    ):
        LOG.d("generate email %s", random_email)
        return random_email

    # Rerun the function
    LOG.w("email %s already exists, generate a new email", random_email)
    return generate_email(scheme=scheme, in_hex=in_hex)


class Alias(Base, ModelMixin):
    __tablename__ = "alias"
    user_id = sa.Column(
        sa.ForeignKey(User.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False, index=True
    )
    email = sa.Column(sa.String(128), unique=True, nullable=False)

    # the name to use when user replies/sends from alias
    name = sa.Column(sa.String(128), nullable=True, default=None)

    enabled = sa.Column(sa.Boolean(), default=True, nullable=False)

    custom_domain_id = sa.Column(
        sa.ForeignKey("custom_domain.id", ondelete="cascade"), nullable=True, index=True
    )

    custom_domain = orm.relationship("CustomDomain", foreign_keys=[custom_domain_id])

    # To know whether an alias is created "on the fly", i.e. via the custom domain catch-all feature
    automatic_creation = sa.Column(
        sa.Boolean, nullable=False, default=False, server_default="0"
    )

    # to know whether an alias belongs to a directory
    directory_id = sa.Column(
        sa.ForeignKey("directory.id", ondelete="cascade"), nullable=True, index=True
    )

    note = sa.Column(sa.Text, default=None, nullable=True)

    # an alias can be owned by another mailbox
    mailbox_id = sa.Column(
        sa.ForeignKey("mailbox.id", ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False, index=True
    )

    # prefix _ to avoid this object being used accidentally.
    # To have the list of all mailboxes, should use AliasInfo instead
    _mailboxes = orm.relationship("Mailbox", secondary="alias_mailbox", lazy="joined")

    # If the mailbox has PGP-enabled, user can choose disable the PGP on the alias
    # this is useful when some senders already support PGP
    disable_pgp = sa.Column(
        sa.Boolean, nullable=False, default=False, server_default="0"
    )

    # a way to bypass the bounce automatic disable mechanism
    cannot_be_disabled = sa.Column(
        sa.Boolean, nullable=False, default=False, server_default="0"
    )

    # when a mailbox wants to send an email on behalf of the alias via the reverse-alias
    # several checks are performed to avoid email spoofing
    # this option allow disabling these checks
    disable_email_spoofing_check = sa.Column(
        sa.Boolean, nullable=False, default=False, server_default="0"
    )

    # to know whether an alias is added using a batch import
    batch_import_id = sa.Column(
        sa.ForeignKey("batch_import.id", ondelete="SET NULL"),
        nullable=True,
        default=None,
    )

    # set in case of alias transfer.
    original_owner_id = sa.Column(
        sa.ForeignKey(User.id, ondelete="SET NULL"), nullable=True
    )

    # alias is pinned on top
    pinned = sa.Column(sa.Boolean, nullable=False, default=False, server_default="0")

    # used to transfer an alias to another user
    transfer_token = sa.Column(sa.String(64), default=None, unique=True, nullable=True)

    # have I been pwned
    hibp_last_check = sa.Column(ArrowType, default=None)
    hibp_breaches = orm.relationship("Hibp", secondary="alias_hibp")

    # to use Postgres full text search. Only applied on "note" column for now
    # this is a generated Postgres column
    ts_vector = sa.Column(
        TSVector(), sa.Computed("to_tsvector('english', note)", persisted=True)
    )

    __table_args__ = (
        Index("ix_video___ts_vector__", ts_vector, postgresql_using="gin"),
        # index on note column using pg_trgm
        Index(
            "note_pg_trgm_index",
            "note",
            postgresql_ops={"note": "gin_trgm_ops"},
            postgresql_using="gin",
        ),
    )

    user = orm.relationship(User, foreign_keys=[user_id])
    mailbox = orm.relationship("Mailbox", lazy="joined")

    @property
    def mailboxes(self):
        ret = [self.mailbox]
        for m in self._mailboxes:
            ret.append(m)

        ret = [mb for mb in ret if mb.verified]
        ret = sorted(ret, key=lambda mb: mb.email)

        return ret

    def authorized_addresses(self) -> [str]:
        """return addresses that can send on behalf of this alias, i.e. can send emails to this alias's reverse-aliases
        Including its mailboxes and their authorized addresses
        """
        mailboxes = self.mailboxes
        ret = [mb.email for mb in mailboxes]
        for mailbox in mailboxes:
            for aa in mailbox.authorized_addresses:
                ret.append(aa.email)

        return ret

    def mailbox_support_pgp(self) -> bool:
        """return True of one of the mailboxes support PGP"""
        for mb in self.mailboxes:
            if mb.pgp_enabled():
                return True
        return False

    def pgp_enabled(self) -> bool:
        if self.mailbox_support_pgp() and not self.disable_pgp:
            return True
        return False

    @staticmethod
    def get_custom_domain(alias_address) -> Optional["CustomDomain"]:
        alias_domain = validate_email(
            alias_address, check_deliverability=False, allow_smtputf8=False
        ).domain

        # handle the case a SLDomain is also a CustomDomain
        if SLDomain.get_by(domain=alias_domain) is None:
            custom_domain = CustomDomain.get_by(domain=alias_domain)
            if custom_domain:
                return custom_domain

    @classmethod
    def create(cls, **kw):
        commit = kw.pop("commit", False)
        flush = kw.pop("flush", False)

        new_alias = cls(**kw)

        email = kw["email"]
        # make sure email is lowercase and doesn't have any whitespace
        email = sanitize_email(email)

        # make sure alias is not in global trash, i.e. DeletedAlias table
        if DeletedAlias.get_by(email=email):
            raise AliasInTrashError

        if DomainDeletedAlias.get_by(email=email):
            raise AliasInTrashError

        # detect whether alias should belong to a custom domain
        if "custom_domain_id" not in kw:
            custom_domain = Alias.get_custom_domain(email)
            if custom_domain:
                new_alias.custom_domain_id = custom_domain.id

        Session.add(new_alias)

        if commit:
            Session.commit()

        if flush:
            Session.flush()

        return new_alias

    @classmethod
    def create_new(cls, user, prefix, note=None, mailbox_id=None):
        prefix = prefix.lower().strip().replace(" ", "")

        if not prefix:
            raise Exception("alias prefix cannot be empty")

        # find the right suffix - avoid infinite loop by running this at max 1000 times
        for _ in range(1000):
            suffix = user.get_random_alias_suffix()
            email = f"{prefix}.{suffix}@{FIRST_ALIAS_DOMAIN}"

            if not cls.get_by(email=email) and not DeletedAlias.get_by(email=email):
                break

        return Alias.create(
            user_id=user.id,
            email=email,
            note=note,
            mailbox_id=mailbox_id or user.default_mailbox_id,
        )

    @classmethod
    def delete(cls, obj_id):
        raise Exception("should use delete_alias(alias,user) instead")

    @classmethod
    def create_new_random(
        cls,
        user,
        scheme: int = AliasGeneratorEnum.word.value,
        in_hex: bool = False,
        note: str = None,
    ):
        """create a new random alias"""
        custom_domain = None

        random_email = None

        if user.default_alias_custom_domain_id:
            custom_domain = CustomDomain.get(user.default_alias_custom_domain_id)
            random_email = generate_email(
                scheme=scheme, in_hex=in_hex, alias_domain=custom_domain.domain
            )
        elif user.default_alias_public_domain_id:
            sl_domain: SLDomain = SLDomain.get(user.default_alias_public_domain_id)
            if sl_domain.premium_only and not user.is_premium():
                LOG.w("%s not premium, cannot use %s", user, sl_domain)
            else:
                random_email = generate_email(
                    scheme=scheme, in_hex=in_hex, alias_domain=sl_domain.domain
                )

        if not random_email:
            random_email = generate_email(scheme=scheme, in_hex=in_hex)

        alias = Alias.create(
            user_id=user.id,
            email=random_email,
            mailbox_id=user.default_mailbox_id,
            note=note,
        )

        if custom_domain:
            alias.custom_domain_id = custom_domain.id

        return alias

    def mailbox_email(self):
        if self.mailbox_id:
            return self.mailbox.email
        else:
            return self.user.email

    def unsubscribe_link(self, contact: Optional["Contact"] = None) -> (str, bool):
        """
        return the unsubscribe link along with whether this is via email (mailto:) or Http POST
        The mailto: method is preferred
        """
        if contact:
            if UNSUBSCRIBER:
                return f"mailto:{UNSUBSCRIBER}?subject={contact.id}_", True
            else:
                return f"{URL}/dashboard/block_contact/{contact.id}", False
        else:
            if UNSUBSCRIBER:
                return f"mailto:{UNSUBSCRIBER}?subject={self.id}=", True
            else:
                return f"{URL}/dashboard/unsubscribe/{self.id}", False

    def __repr__(self):
        return f"<Alias {self.id} {self.email}>"


class ClientUser(Base, ModelMixin):
    __tablename__ = "client_user"
    __table_args__ = (
        sa.UniqueConstraint("user_id", "client_id", name="uq_client_user"),
    )

    user_id = sa.Column(sa.ForeignKey(User.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False)
    client_id = sa.Column(sa.ForeignKey(Client.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False)

    # Null means client has access to user original email
    alias_id = sa.Column(sa.ForeignKey(Alias.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=True)

    # user can decide to send to client another name
    name = sa.Column(
        sa.String(128), nullable=True, default=None, server_default=text("NULL")
    )

    # user can decide to send to client a default avatar
    default_avatar = sa.Column(
        sa.Boolean, nullable=False, default=False, server_default="0"
    )

    alias = orm.relationship(Alias, backref="client_users")

    user = orm.relationship(User)
    client = orm.relationship(Client)

    def get_email(self):
        return self.alias.email if self.alias_id else self.user.email

    def get_user_name(self):
        if self.name:
            return self.name
        else:
            return self.user.name

    def get_user_info(self) -> dict:
        """return user info according to client scope
        Return dict with key being scope name. For now all the fields are the same for all clients:

        {
          "client": "Demo",
          "email": "test-avk5l@mail-tester.com",
          "email_verified": true,
          "id": 1,
          "name": "Son GM",
          "avatar_url": "http://s3..."
        }

        """
        res = {
            "id": self.id,
            "client": self.client.name,
            "email_verified": True,
            "sub": str(self.id),
        }

        for scope in self.client.get_scopes():
            if scope == Scope.NAME:
                if self.name:
                    res[Scope.NAME.value] = self.name or ""
                else:
                    res[Scope.NAME.value] = self.user.name or ""
            elif scope == Scope.AVATAR_URL:
                if self.user.profile_picture_id:
                    if self.default_avatar:
                        res[Scope.AVATAR_URL.value] = URL + "/static/default-avatar.png"
                    else:
                        res[Scope.AVATAR_URL.value] = self.user.profile_picture.get_url(
                            AVATAR_URL_EXPIRATION
                        )
                else:
                    res[Scope.AVATAR_URL.value] = None
            elif scope == Scope.EMAIL:
                # Use generated email
                if self.alias_id:
                    LOG.d(
                        "Use gen email for user %s, client %s", self.user, self.client
                    )
                    res[Scope.EMAIL.value] = self.alias.email
                # Use user original email
                else:
                    res[Scope.EMAIL.value] = self.user.email

        return res


class Contact(Base, ModelMixin):
    """
    Store configuration of sender (website-email) and alias.
    """

    __tablename__ = "contact"

    __table_args__ = (
        sa.UniqueConstraint("alias_id", "website_email", name="uq_contact"),
    )

    user_id = sa.Column(
        sa.ForeignKey(User.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False, index=True
    )
    alias_id = sa.Column(
        sa.ForeignKey(Alias.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False, index=True
    )

    name = sa.Column(
        sa.String(512), nullable=True, default=None, server_default=text("NULL")
    )

    website_email = sa.Column(sa.String(512), nullable=False)

    # the email from header, e.g. AB CD <ab@cd.com>
    # nullable as this field is added after website_email
    website_from = sa.Column(sa.String(1024), nullable=True)

    # when user clicks on "reply", they will reply to this address.
    # This address allows to hide user personal email
    # this reply email is created every time a website sends an email to user
    # it used to have the prefix "reply+" or "ra+"
    reply_email = sa.Column(sa.String(512), nullable=False, index=True)

    # whether a contact is created via CC
    is_cc = sa.Column(sa.Boolean, nullable=False, default=False, server_default="0")

    pgp_public_key = sa.Column(sa.Text, nullable=True)
    pgp_finger_print = sa.Column(sa.String(512), nullable=True)

    alias = orm.relationship(Alias, backref="contacts")
    user = orm.relationship(User)

    # the latest reply sent to this contact
    latest_reply: Optional[Arrow] = None

    # to investigate why the website_email is sometimes not correctly parsed
    # the envelope mail_from
    mail_from = sa.Column(sa.Text, nullable=True, default=None)

    # a contact can have an empty email address, in this case it can't receive emails
    invalid_email = sa.Column(
        sa.Boolean, nullable=False, default=False, server_default="0"
    )

    # emails sent from this contact will be blocked
    block_forward = sa.Column(
        sa.Boolean, nullable=False, default=False, server_default="0"
    )

    # whether contact is created automatically during the forward phase
    automatic_created = sa.Column(sa.Boolean, nullable=True, default=False)

    @property
    def email(self):
        return self.website_email

    @classmethod
    def create(cls, **kw):
        commit = kw.pop("commit", False)
        flush = kw.pop("flush", False)

        new_contact = cls(**kw)

        website_email = kw["website_email"]
        # make sure email is lowercase and doesn't have any whitespace
        website_email = sanitize_email(website_email)

        # make sure contact.website_email isn't a reverse alias
        orig_contact = Contact.get_by(reply_email=website_email)
        if orig_contact:
            raise CannotCreateContactForReverseAlias(str(orig_contact))

        Session.add(new_contact)

        if commit:
            Session.commit()

        if flush:
            Session.flush()

        return new_contact

    def website_send_to(self):
        """return the email address with name.
        to use when user wants to send an email from the alias
        Return
        "First Last | email at example.com" <reverse-alias@SL>
        """

        # Prefer using contact name if possible
        user = self.user
        name = self.name
        email = self.website_email

        if (
            not user
            or not SenderFormatEnum.has_value(user.sender_format)
            or user.sender_format == SenderFormatEnum.AT.value
        ):
            email = email.replace("@", " at ")
        elif user.sender_format == SenderFormatEnum.A.value:
            email = email.replace("@", "(a)")

        # if no name, try to parse it from website_from
        if not name and self.website_from:
            try:
                name = address.parse(self.website_from).display_name
            except Exception:
                # Skip if website_from is wrongly formatted
                LOG.e(
                    "Cannot parse contact %s website_from %s", self, self.website_from
                )
                name = ""

        # remove all double quote
        if name:
            name = name.replace('"', "")

        if name:
            name = name + " | " + email
        else:
            name = email

        # cannot use formataddr here as this field is for email client, not for MTA
        return f'"{name}" <{self.reply_email}>'

    def new_addr(self):
        """
        Replace original email by reply_email. Possible formats:
        - First Last - first at example.com <reply_email> OR
        - First Last - first(a)example.com <reply_email> OR
        - First Last <reply_email>
        - first at example.com <reply_email>
        - reply_email
        And return new address with RFC 2047 format
        """
        user = self.user
        sender_format = user.sender_format if user else SenderFormatEnum.AT.value

        if sender_format == SenderFormatEnum.NO_NAME.value:
            return self.reply_email

        if sender_format == SenderFormatEnum.NAME_ONLY.value:
            new_name = self.name
        elif sender_format == SenderFormatEnum.AT_ONLY.value:
            new_name = self.website_email.replace("@", " at ").strip()
        elif sender_format == SenderFormatEnum.AT.value:
            formatted_email = self.website_email.replace("@", " at ").strip()
            new_name = (
                (self.name + " - " + formatted_email)
                if self.name and self.name != self.website_email.strip()
                else formatted_email
            )
        else:  # SenderFormatEnum.A.value
            formatted_email = self.website_email.replace("@", "(a)").strip()
            new_name = (
                (self.name + " - " + formatted_email)
                if self.name and self.name != self.website_email.strip()
                else formatted_email
            )

        new_addr = formataddr((new_name, self.reply_email)).strip()
        return new_addr.strip()

    def last_reply(self) -> "EmailLog":
        """return the most recent reply"""
        return (
            EmailLog.filter_by(contact_id=self.id, is_reply=True)
            .order_by(desc(EmailLog.created_at))
            .first()
        )

    def __repr__(self):
        return f"<Contact {self.id} {self.website_email} {self.alias_id}>"


class EmailLog(Base, ModelMixin):
    __tablename__ = "email_log"

    user_id = sa.Column(
        sa.ForeignKey(User.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False, index=True
    )
    contact_id = sa.Column(
        sa.ForeignKey(Contact.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False, index=True
    )
    alias_id = sa.Column(
        sa.ForeignKey(Alias.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=True, index=True
    )

    # whether this is a reply
    is_reply = sa.Column(sa.Boolean, nullable=False, default=False)

    # for ex if alias is disabled, this forwarding is blocked
    blocked = sa.Column(sa.Boolean, nullable=False, default=False)

    # can happen when user mailbox refuses the forwarded email
    # usually because the forwarded email is too spammy
    bounced = sa.Column(sa.Boolean, nullable=False, default=False, server_default="0")

    # happen when an email with auto (holiday) reply
    auto_replied = sa.Column(
        sa.Boolean, nullable=False, default=False, server_default="0"
    )

    # SpamAssassin result
    is_spam = sa.Column(sa.Boolean, nullable=False, default=False, server_default="0")
    spam_score = sa.Column(sa.Float, nullable=True)
    spam_status = sa.Column(sa.Text, nullable=True, default=None)
    # do not load this column
    spam_report = deferred(sa.Column(sa.JSON, nullable=True))

    # Point to the email that has been refused
    refused_email_id = sa.Column(
        sa.ForeignKey("refused_email.id", ondelete="SET NULL"), nullable=True
    )

    # in forward phase, this is the mailbox that will receive the email
    # in reply phase, this is the mailbox (or a mailbox's authorized address) that sends the email
    mailbox_id = sa.Column(
        sa.ForeignKey("mailbox.id", ondelete="cascade"), nullable=True
    )

    # in case of bounce, record on what mailbox the email has been bounced
    # useful when an alias has several mailboxes
    bounced_mailbox_id = sa.Column(
        sa.ForeignKey("mailbox.id", ondelete="cascade"), nullable=True
    )

    # the Message ID
    message_id = deferred(sa.Column(sa.String(1024), nullable=True))
    # in the reply phase, the original message_id is replaced by the SL message_id
    sl_message_id = deferred(sa.Column(sa.String(512), nullable=True))

    refused_email = orm.relationship("RefusedEmail")
    forward = orm.relationship(Contact)

    contact = orm.relationship(Contact, backref="email_logs")
    alias = orm.relationship(Alias)
    mailbox = orm.relationship("Mailbox", lazy="joined", foreign_keys=[mailbox_id])
    user = orm.relationship(User)

    def bounced_mailbox(self) -> str:
        if self.bounced_mailbox_id:
            return Mailbox.get(self.bounced_mailbox_id).email
        # retro-compatibility
        return self.contact.alias.mailboxes[0].email

    def get_action(self) -> str:
        """return the action name: forward|reply|block|bounced"""
        if self.is_reply:
            return "reply"
        elif self.bounced:
            return "bounced"
        elif self.blocked:
            return "block"
        else:
            return "forward"

    def get_phase(self) -> str:
        if self.is_reply:
            return "reply"
        else:
            return "forward"

    def __repr__(self):
        return f"<EmailLog {self.id}>"


class Subscription(Base, ModelMixin):
    """Paddle subscription"""

    __tablename__ = "subscription"

    # Come from Paddle
    cancel_url = sa.Column(sa.String(1024), nullable=False)
    update_url = sa.Column(sa.String(1024), nullable=False)
    subscription_id = sa.Column(sa.String(1024), nullable=False, unique=True)
    event_time = sa.Column(ArrowType, nullable=False)
    next_bill_date = sa.Column(sa.Date, nullable=False)

    cancelled = sa.Column(sa.Boolean, nullable=False, default=False)

    plan = sa.Column(sa.Enum(PlanEnum), nullable=False)

    user_id = sa.Column(
        sa.ForeignKey(User.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False, unique=True
    )

    user = orm.relationship(User)

    def plan_name(self):
        if self.plan == PlanEnum.monthly:
            return "Monthly"
        else:
            return "Yearly"

    def __repr__(self):
        return f"<Subscription {self.plan} {self.next_bill_date}>"


class ManualSubscription(Base, ModelMixin):
    """
    For users who use other forms of payment and therefore not pass by Paddle
    """

    __tablename__ = "manual_subscription"

    user_id = sa.Column(
        sa.ForeignKey(User.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False, unique=True
    )

    # an reminder is sent several days before the subscription ends
    end_at = sa.Column(ArrowType, nullable=False)

    # for storing note about this subscription
    comment = sa.Column(sa.Text, nullable=True)

    # manual subscription are also used for Premium giveaways
    is_giveaway = sa.Column(
        sa.Boolean, default=False, nullable=False, server_default="0"
    )

    user = orm.relationship(User)

    def is_active(self):
        return self.end_at > arrow.now()


class CoinbaseSubscription(Base, ModelMixin):
    """
    For subscriptions using Coinbase Commerce
    """

    __tablename__ = "coinbase_subscription"

    user_id = sa.Column(
        sa.ForeignKey(User.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False, unique=True
    )

    # an reminder is sent several days before the subscription ends
    end_at = sa.Column(ArrowType, nullable=False)

    # the Coinbase code
    code = sa.Column(sa.String(64), nullable=True)

    user = orm.relationship(User)

    def is_active(self):
        return self.end_at > arrow.now()


# https://help.apple.com/app-store-connect/#/dev58bda3212
_APPLE_GRACE_PERIOD_DAYS = 16


class AppleSubscription(Base, ModelMixin):
    """
    For users who have subscribed via Apple in-app payment
    """

    __tablename__ = "apple_subscription"

    user_id = sa.Column(
        sa.ForeignKey(User.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False, unique=True
    )

    expires_date = sa.Column(ArrowType, nullable=False)

    # to avoid using "Restore Purchase" on another account
    original_transaction_id = sa.Column(sa.String(256), nullable=False, unique=True)
    receipt_data = sa.Column(sa.Text(), nullable=False)

    plan = sa.Column(sa.Enum(PlanEnum), nullable=False)

    # to know what subscription user has bought
    # e.g. io.simplelogin.ios_app.subscription.premium.monthly
    product_id = sa.Column(sa.String(256), nullable=True)

    user = orm.relationship(User)

    def is_valid(self):
        # Todo: take into account grace period?
        return self.expires_date > arrow.now().shift(days=-_APPLE_GRACE_PERIOD_DAYS)


class DeletedAlias(Base, ModelMixin):
    """Store all deleted alias to make sure they are NOT reused"""

    __tablename__ = "deleted_alias"

    email = sa.Column(sa.String(256), unique=True, nullable=False)

    @classmethod
    def create(cls, **kw):
        raise Exception("should use delete_alias(alias,user) instead")

    def __repr__(self):
        return f"<Deleted Alias {self.email}>"


class EmailChange(Base, ModelMixin):
    """Used when user wants to update their email"""

    __tablename__ = "email_change"

    user_id = sa.Column(
        sa.ForeignKey(User.id, ondelete="cascade"),
        nullable=False,
        unique=True,
        index=True,
    )
    new_email = sa.Column(sa.String(256), unique=True, nullable=False)
    code = sa.Column(sa.String(128), unique=True, nullable=False)
    expired = sa.Column(ArrowType, nullable=False, default=_expiration_12h)

    user = orm.relationship(User)

    def is_expired(self):
        return self.expired < arrow.now()

    def __repr__(self):
        return f"<EmailChange {self.id} {self.new_email} {self.user_id}>"


class AliasUsedOn(Base, ModelMixin):
    """Used to know where an alias is created"""

    __tablename__ = "alias_used_on"

    __table_args__ = (
        sa.UniqueConstraint("alias_id", "hostname", name="uq_alias_used"),
    )

    alias_id = sa.Column(sa.ForeignKey(Alias.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False)
    user_id = sa.Column(sa.ForeignKey(User.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False)

    alias = orm.relationship(Alias)

    hostname = sa.Column(sa.String(1024), nullable=False)


class ApiKey(Base, ModelMixin):
    """used in browser extension to identify user"""

    __tablename__ = "api_key"

    user_id = sa.Column(sa.ForeignKey(User.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False)
    code = sa.Column(sa.String(128), unique=True, nullable=False)
    name = sa.Column(sa.String(128), nullable=True)
    last_used = sa.Column(ArrowType, default=None)
    times = sa.Column(sa.Integer, default=0, nullable=False)

    user = orm.relationship(User)

    @classmethod
    def create(cls, user_id, name=None, **kwargs):
        code = random_string(60)
        if cls.get_by(code=code):
            code = str(uuid.uuid4())

        return super().create(user_id=user_id, name=name, code=code, **kwargs)

    @classmethod
    def delete_all(cls, user_id):
        Session.query(cls).filter(cls.user_id == user_id).delete()


class CustomDomain(Base, ModelMixin):
    __tablename__ = "custom_domain"

    user_id = sa.Column(sa.ForeignKey(User.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False)
    domain = sa.Column(sa.String(128), unique=True, nullable=False)

    # default name to use when user replies/sends from alias
    name = sa.Column(sa.String(128), nullable=True, default=None)

    # mx verified
    verified = sa.Column(sa.Boolean, nullable=False, default=False)
    dkim_verified = sa.Column(
        sa.Boolean, nullable=False, default=False, server_default="0"
    )
    spf_verified = sa.Column(
        sa.Boolean, nullable=False, default=False, server_default="0"
    )
    dmarc_verified = sa.Column(
        sa.Boolean, nullable=False, default=False, server_default="0"
    )

    _mailboxes = orm.relationship("Mailbox", secondary="domain_mailbox", lazy="joined")

    # an alias is created automatically the first time it receives an email
    catch_all = sa.Column(sa.Boolean, nullable=False, default=False, server_default="0")

    # option to generate random prefix version automatically
    random_prefix_generation = sa.Column(
        sa.Boolean, nullable=False, default=False, server_default="0"
    )

    # incremented when a check is failed on the domain
    # alert when the number exceeds a threshold
    # used in check_custom_domain()
    nb_failed_checks = sa.Column(
        sa.Integer, default=0, server_default="0", nullable=False
    )

    # only domain has the ownership verified can go the next DNS step
    # MX verified domains before this change don't have to do the TXT check
    # and therefore have ownership_verified=True
    ownership_verified = sa.Column(
        sa.Boolean, nullable=False, default=False, server_default="0"
    )

    # randomly generated TXT value for verifying domain ownership
    # the TXT record should be sl-verification=txt_token
    ownership_txt_token = sa.Column(sa.String(128), nullable=True)

    # if the domain is SimpleLogin subdomain, no need for the ownership, SPF, DKIM, DMARC check
    is_sl_subdomain = sa.Column(
        sa.Boolean, nullable=False, default=False, server_default="0"
    )

    __table_args__ = (
        Index(
            "ix_unique_domain",  # Index name
            "domain",  # Columns which are part of the index
            unique=True,
            postgresql_where=Column("ownership_verified"),
        ),  # The condition
    )

    user = orm.relationship(User, foreign_keys=[user_id], backref="custom_domains")

    @property
    def mailboxes(self):
        if self._mailboxes:
            return self._mailboxes
        else:
            return [self.user.default_mailbox]

    def nb_alias(self):
        return Alias.filter_by(custom_domain_id=self.id).count()

    def get_trash_url(self):
        return URL + f"/dashboard/domains/{self.id}/trash"

    def get_ownership_dns_txt_value(self):
        return f"sl-verification={self.ownership_txt_token}"

    @classmethod
    def create(cls, **kwargs):
        domain = kwargs.get("domain")
        if DeletedSubdomain.get_by(domain=domain):
            raise SubdomainInTrashError

        domain: CustomDomain = super(CustomDomain, cls).create(**kwargs)

        # generate a domain ownership txt token
        if not domain.ownership_txt_token:
            domain.ownership_txt_token = random_string(30)
            Session.commit()

        if domain.is_sl_subdomain:
            user = domain.user
            user._subdomain_quota -= 1
            Session.flush()

        return domain

    @classmethod
    def delete(cls, obj_id):
        obj: CustomDomain = cls.get(obj_id)
        if obj.is_sl_subdomain:
            DeletedSubdomain.create(domain=obj.domain)

        return super(CustomDomain, cls).delete(obj_id)

    @property
    def auto_create_rules(self):
        return sorted(self._auto_create_rules, key=lambda rule: rule.order)

    def __repr__(self):
        return f"<Custom Domain {self.domain}>"


class AutoCreateRule(Base, ModelMixin):
    """Alias auto creation rule for custom domain"""

    __tablename__ = "auto_create_rule"

    __table_args__ = (
        sa.UniqueConstraint(
            "custom_domain_id", "order", name="uq_auto_create_rule_order"
        ),
    )

    custom_domain_id = sa.Column(
        sa.ForeignKey(CustomDomain.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False
    )
    # an alias is auto created if it matches the regex
    regex = sa.Column(sa.String(512), nullable=False)

    # the order in which rules are evaluated in case there are multiple rules
    order = sa.Column(sa.Integer, default=0, nullable=False)

    custom_domain = orm.relationship(CustomDomain, backref="_auto_create_rules")

    mailboxes = orm.relationship(
        "Mailbox", secondary="auto_create_rule__mailbox", lazy="joined"
    )


class AutoCreateRuleMailbox(Base, ModelMixin):
    """store auto create rule - mailbox association"""

    __tablename__ = "auto_create_rule__mailbox"
    __table_args__ = (
        sa.UniqueConstraint(
            "auto_create_rule_id", "mailbox_id", name="uq_auto_create_rule_mailbox"
        ),
    )

    auto_create_rule_id = sa.Column(
        sa.ForeignKey(AutoCreateRule.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False
    )
    mailbox_id = sa.Column(
        sa.ForeignKey("mailbox.id", ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False
    )


class DomainDeletedAlias(Base, ModelMixin):
    """Store all deleted alias for a domain"""

    __tablename__ = "domain_deleted_alias"

    __table_args__ = (
        sa.UniqueConstraint("domain_id", "email", name="uq_domain_trash"),
    )

    email = sa.Column(sa.String(256), nullable=False)
    domain_id = sa.Column(
        sa.ForeignKey("custom_domain.id", ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False
    )
    user_id = sa.Column(sa.ForeignKey(User.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False)

    domain = orm.relationship(CustomDomain)

    @classmethod
    def create(cls, **kw):
        raise Exception("should use delete_alias(alias,user) instead")

    def __repr__(self):
        return f"<DomainDeletedAlias {self.id} {self.email}>"


class LifetimeCoupon(Base, ModelMixin):
    __tablename__ = "lifetime_coupon"

    code = sa.Column(sa.String(128), nullable=False, unique=True)
    nb_used = sa.Column(sa.Integer, nullable=False)
    paid = sa.Column(sa.Boolean, default=False, server_default="0", nullable=False)
    comment = sa.Column(sa.Text, nullable=True)


class Coupon(Base, ModelMixin):
    __tablename__ = "coupon"

    code = sa.Column(sa.String(128), nullable=False, unique=True)

    # by default a coupon is for 1 year
    nb_year = sa.Column(sa.Integer, nullable=False, server_default="1", default=1)

    # whether the coupon has been used
    used = sa.Column(sa.Boolean, default=False, server_default="0", nullable=False)

    # the user who uses the code
    # non-null when the coupon is used
    used_by_user_id = sa.Column(
        sa.ForeignKey(User.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=True
    )

    is_giveaway = sa.Column(
        sa.Boolean, default=False, nullable=False, server_default="0"
    )

    comment = sa.Column(sa.Text, nullable=True)

    # a coupon can have an expiration
    expires_date = sa.Column(ArrowType, nullable=True)


class Directory(Base, ModelMixin):
    __tablename__ = "directory"
    user_id = sa.Column(sa.ForeignKey(User.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False)
    name = sa.Column(sa.String(128), unique=True, nullable=False)
    # when a directory is disabled, new alias can't be created on the fly
    disabled = sa.Column(sa.Boolean, default=False, nullable=False, server_default="0")

    user = orm.relationship(User, backref="directories")

    _mailboxes = orm.relationship(
        "Mailbox", secondary="directory_mailbox", lazy="joined"
    )

    @property
    def mailboxes(self):
        if self._mailboxes:
            return self._mailboxes
        else:
            return [self.user.default_mailbox]

    def nb_alias(self):
        return Alias.filter_by(directory_id=self.id).count()

    @classmethod
    def create(cls, *args, **kwargs):
        name = kwargs.get("name")
        if DeletedDirectory.get_by(name=name):
            raise DirectoryInTrashError

        directory = super(Directory, cls).create(*args, **kwargs)
        Session.flush()

        user = directory.user
        user._directory_quota -= 1

        Session.flush()
        return directory

    @classmethod
    def delete(cls, obj_id):
        obj: Directory = cls.get(obj_id)
        user = obj.user
        # Put all aliases belonging to this directory to global or domain trash
        for alias in Alias.filter_by(directory_id=obj_id):
            from app import alias_utils

            alias_utils.delete_alias(alias, user)

        DeletedDirectory.create(name=obj.name)
        cls.filter(cls.id == obj_id).delete()

        Session.commit()

    def __repr__(self):
        return f"<Directory {self.name}>"


class Job(Base, ModelMixin):
    """Used to schedule one-time job in the future"""

    __tablename__ = "job"

    name = sa.Column(sa.String(128), nullable=False)
    payload = sa.Column(sa.JSON)

    # whether the job has been taken by the job runner
    taken = sa.Column(sa.Boolean, default=False, nullable=False)
    run_at = sa.Column(ArrowType)

    def __repr__(self):
        return f"<Job {self.id} {self.name} {self.payload}>"


class Mailbox(Base, ModelMixin):
    __tablename__ = "mailbox"
    user_id = sa.Column(
        sa.ForeignKey(User.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False, index=True
    )
    email = sa.Column(sa.String(256), nullable=False, index=True)
    verified = sa.Column(sa.Boolean, default=False, nullable=False)
    force_spf = sa.Column(sa.Boolean, default=True, server_default="1", nullable=False)

    # used when user wants to update mailbox email
    new_email = sa.Column(sa.String(256), unique=True)

    pgp_public_key = sa.Column(sa.Text, nullable=True)
    pgp_finger_print = sa.Column(sa.String(512), nullable=True)
    disable_pgp = sa.Column(
        sa.Boolean, default=False, nullable=False, server_default="0"
    )

    # incremented when a check is failed on the mailbox
    # alert when the number exceeds a threshold
    # used in sanity_check()
    nb_failed_checks = sa.Column(
        sa.Integer, default=0, server_default="0", nullable=False
    )

    # a mailbox can be disabled if it can't be reached
    disabled = sa.Column(sa.Boolean, default=False, nullable=False, server_default="0")

    generic_subject = sa.Column(sa.String(78), nullable=True)

    __table_args__ = (sa.UniqueConstraint("user_id", "email", name="uq_mailbox_user"),)

    user = orm.relationship(User, foreign_keys=[user_id])

    def pgp_enabled(self) -> bool:
        if self.pgp_finger_print and not self.disable_pgp:
            return True

        return False

    def nb_alias(self):
        return (
            AliasMailbox.filter_by(mailbox_id=self.id).count()
            + Alias.filter_by(mailbox_id=self.id).count()
        )

    @classmethod
    def delete(cls, obj_id):
        mailbox: Mailbox = cls.get(obj_id)
        user = mailbox.user

        # Put all aliases belonging to this mailbox to global or domain trash
        for alias in Alias.filter_by(mailbox_id=obj_id):
            # special handling for alias that has several mailboxes and has mailbox_id=obj_id
            if len(alias.mailboxes) > 1:
                # use the first mailbox found in alias._mailboxes
                first_mb = alias._mailboxes[0]
                alias.mailbox_id = first_mb.id
                alias._mailboxes.remove(first_mb)
            else:
                from app import alias_utils

                # only put aliases that have mailbox as a single mailbox into trash
                alias_utils.delete_alias(alias, user)
            Session.commit()

        cls.filter(cls.id == obj_id).delete()
        Session.commit()

    @property
    def aliases(self) -> [Alias]:
        ret = Alias.filter_by(mailbox_id=self.id).all()

        for am in AliasMailbox.filter_by(mailbox_id=self.id):
            ret.append(am.alias)

        return ret

    def __repr__(self):
        return f"<Mailbox {self.id} {self.email}>"


class AccountActivation(Base, ModelMixin):
    """contains code to activate the user account when they sign up on mobile"""

    __tablename__ = "account_activation"

    user_id = sa.Column(
        sa.ForeignKey(User.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False, unique=True
    )
    # the activation code is usually 6 digits
    code = sa.Column(sa.String(10), nullable=False)

    # nb tries decrements each time user enters wrong code
    tries = sa.Column(sa.Integer, default=3, nullable=False)

    __table_args__ = (
        CheckConstraint(tries >= 0, name="account_activation_tries_positive"),
        {},
    )


class RefusedEmail(Base, ModelMixin):
    """Store emails that have been refused, i.e. bounced or classified as spams"""

    __tablename__ = "refused_email"

    # Store the full report, including logs from Sending & Receiving MTA
    full_report_path = sa.Column(sa.String(128), unique=True, nullable=False)

    # The original email, to display to user
    path = sa.Column(sa.String(128), unique=True, nullable=True)

    user_id = sa.Column(sa.ForeignKey(User.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False)

    # the email content will be deleted at this date
    delete_at = sa.Column(ArrowType, nullable=False, default=_expiration_7d)

    # toggle this when email content (stored at full_report_path & path are deleted)
    deleted = sa.Column(sa.Boolean, nullable=False, default=False, server_default="0")

    def get_url(self, expires_in=3600):
        if self.path:
            return s3.get_url(self.path, expires_in)
        else:
            return s3.get_url(self.full_report_path, expires_in)

    def __repr__(self):
        return f"<Refused Email {self.id} {self.path} {self.delete_at}>"


class Referral(Base, ModelMixin):
    """Referral code so user can invite others"""

    __tablename__ = "referral"

    user_id = sa.Column(sa.ForeignKey(User.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False)
    name = sa.Column(sa.String(512), nullable=True, default=None)

    code = sa.Column(sa.String(128), unique=True, nullable=False)

    user = orm.relationship(User, foreign_keys=[user_id], backref="referrals")

    @property
    def nb_user(self) -> int:
        return User.filter_by(referral_id=self.id, activated=True).count()

    @property
    def nb_paid_user(self) -> int:
        res = 0
        for user in User.filter_by(referral_id=self.id, activated=True):
            if user.is_paid():
                res += 1

        return res

    def link(self):
        return f"{LANDING_PAGE_URL}?slref={self.code}"

    def __repr__(self):
        return f"<Referral {self.code}>"


class SentAlert(Base, ModelMixin):
    """keep track of alerts sent to user.
    User can receive an alert when there's abnormal activity on their aliases such as
    - reverse-alias not used by the owning mailbox
    - SPF fails when using the reverse-alias
    - bounced email
    - ...

    Different rate controls can then be implemented based on SentAlert:
    - only once alert: an alert type should be sent only once
    - max number of sent per 24H: an alert type should not be sent more than X times in 24h
    """

    __tablename__ = "sent_alert"

    user_id = sa.Column(sa.ForeignKey(User.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False)
    to_email = sa.Column(sa.String(256), nullable=False)
    alert_type = sa.Column(sa.String(256), nullable=False)


class AliasMailbox(Base, ModelMixin):
    __tablename__ = "alias_mailbox"
    __table_args__ = (
        sa.UniqueConstraint("alias_id", "mailbox_id", name="uq_alias_mailbox"),
    )

    alias_id = sa.Column(
        sa.ForeignKey(Alias.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False, index=True
    )
    mailbox_id = sa.Column(
        sa.ForeignKey(Mailbox.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False, index=True
    )

    alias = orm.relationship(Alias)


class AliasHibp(Base, ModelMixin):
    __tablename__ = "alias_hibp"

    __table_args__ = (sa.UniqueConstraint("alias_id", "hibp_id", name="uq_alias_hibp"),)

    alias_id = sa.Column(
        sa.Integer(), sa.ForeignKey("alias.id", ondelete="cascade"), index=True
    )
    hibp_id = sa.Column(
        sa.Integer(), sa.ForeignKey("hibp.id", ondelete="cascade"), index=True
    )

    alias = orm.relationship(
        "Alias", backref=orm.backref("alias_hibp", cascade="all, delete-orphan")
    )
    hibp = orm.relationship(
        "Hibp", backref=orm.backref("alias_hibp", cascade="all, delete-orphan")
    )


class DirectoryMailbox(Base, ModelMixin):
    __tablename__ = "directory_mailbox"
    __table_args__ = (
        sa.UniqueConstraint("directory_id", "mailbox_id", name="uq_directory_mailbox"),
    )

    directory_id = sa.Column(
        sa.ForeignKey(Directory.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False
    )
    mailbox_id = sa.Column(
        sa.ForeignKey(Mailbox.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False
    )


class DomainMailbox(Base, ModelMixin):
    """store the owning mailboxes for a domain"""

    __tablename__ = "domain_mailbox"

    __table_args__ = (
        sa.UniqueConstraint("domain_id", "mailbox_id", name="uq_domain_mailbox"),
    )

    domain_id = sa.Column(
        sa.ForeignKey(CustomDomain.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False
    )
    mailbox_id = sa.Column(
        sa.ForeignKey(Mailbox.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False
    )


_NB_RECOVERY_CODE = 8
_RECOVERY_CODE_LENGTH = 8


class RecoveryCode(Base, ModelMixin):
    """allow user to login in case you lose any of your authenticators"""

    __tablename__ = "recovery_code"
    __table_args__ = (sa.UniqueConstraint("user_id", "code", name="uq_recovery_code"),)

    user_id = sa.Column(sa.ForeignKey(User.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False)
    code = sa.Column(sa.String(16), nullable=False)
    used = sa.Column(sa.Boolean, nullable=False, default=False)
    used_at = sa.Column(ArrowType, nullable=True, default=None)

    user = orm.relationship(User)

    @classmethod
    def generate(cls, user):
        """generate recovery codes for user"""
        # delete all existing codes
        cls.filter_by(user_id=user.id).delete()
        Session.flush()

        nb_code = 0
        while nb_code < _NB_RECOVERY_CODE:
            code = random_string(_RECOVERY_CODE_LENGTH)
            if not cls.get_by(user_id=user.id, code=code):
                cls.create(user_id=user.id, code=code)
                nb_code += 1

        LOG.d("Create recovery codes for %s", user)
        Session.commit()

    @classmethod
    def empty(cls, user):
        """Delete all recovery codes for user"""
        cls.filter_by(user_id=user.id).delete()
        Session.commit()


class Notification(Base, ModelMixin):
    __tablename__ = "notification"
    user_id = sa.Column(sa.ForeignKey(User.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False)
    message = sa.Column(sa.Text, nullable=False)
    title = sa.Column(sa.String(512))

    # whether user has marked the notification as read
    read = sa.Column(sa.Boolean, nullable=False, default=False)

    @staticmethod
    def render(template_name, **kwargs) -> str:
        templates_dir = os.path.join(ROOT_DIR, "templates")
        env = Environment(loader=FileSystemLoader(templates_dir))

        template = env.get_template(template_name)

        return template.render(
            URL=URL,
            LANDING_PAGE_URL=LANDING_PAGE_URL,
            YEAR=arrow.now().year,
            **kwargs,
        )


class SLDomain(Base, ModelMixin):
    """SimpleLogin domains"""

    __tablename__ = "public_domain"

    domain = sa.Column(sa.String(128), unique=True, nullable=False)

    # only available for premium accounts
    premium_only = sa.Column(
        sa.Boolean, nullable=False, default=False, server_default="0"
    )

    # if True, the domain can be used for the subdomain feature
    can_use_subdomain = sa.Column(
        sa.Boolean, nullable=False, default=False, server_default="0"
    )

    def __repr__(self):
        return f"<SLDomain {self.domain} {'Premium' if self.premium_only else 'Free'}"


class Monitoring(Base, ModelMixin):
    """
    Store different host information over the time in order to
    - alert issues in (almost) real time
    - analyze data trending
    """

    __tablename__ = "monitoring"

    host = sa.Column(sa.String(256), nullable=False)

    # Postfix stats
    incoming_queue = sa.Column(sa.Integer, nullable=False)
    active_queue = sa.Column(sa.Integer, nullable=False)
    deferred_queue = sa.Column(sa.Integer, nullable=False)


class BatchImport(Base, ModelMixin):
    __tablename__ = "batch_import"
    user_id = sa.Column(sa.ForeignKey(User.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False)
    file_id = sa.Column(sa.ForeignKey(File.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False)
    processed = sa.Column(sa.Boolean, nullable=False, default=False)
    summary = sa.Column(sa.Text, nullable=True, default=None)

    file = orm.relationship(File)
    user = orm.relationship(User)

    def nb_alias(self):
        return Alias.filter_by(batch_import_id=self.id).count()

    def __repr__(self):
        return f"<BatchImport {self.id}>"


class AuthorizedAddress(Base, ModelMixin):
    """Authorize other addresses to send emails from aliases that are owned by a mailbox"""

    __tablename__ = "authorized_address"

    user_id = sa.Column(sa.ForeignKey(User.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False)
    mailbox_id = sa.Column(
        sa.ForeignKey(Mailbox.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False
    )
    email = sa.Column(sa.String(256), nullable=False)

    __table_args__ = (
        sa.UniqueConstraint("mailbox_id", "email", name="uq_authorize_address"),
    )

    mailbox = orm.relationship(Mailbox, backref="authorized_addresses")

    def __repr__(self):
        return f"<AuthorizedAddress {self.id} {self.email} {self.mailbox_id}>"


class Metric2(Base, ModelMixin):
    """
    For storing different metrics like number of users, etc
    Store each metric as a column as opposed to having different rows as in Metric
    """

    __tablename__ = "metric2"
    date = sa.Column(ArrowType, default=arrow.utcnow, nullable=False)

    nb_user = sa.Column(sa.Float, nullable=True)
    nb_activated_user = sa.Column(sa.Float, nullable=True)

    nb_premium = sa.Column(sa.Float, nullable=True)
    nb_apple_premium = sa.Column(sa.Float, nullable=True)
    nb_cancelled_premium = sa.Column(sa.Float, nullable=True)
    nb_manual_premium = sa.Column(sa.Float, nullable=True)
    nb_coinbase_premium = sa.Column(sa.Float, nullable=True)

    # nb users who have been referred
    nb_referred_user = sa.Column(sa.Float, nullable=True)
    nb_referred_user_paid = sa.Column(sa.Float, nullable=True)

    nb_alias = sa.Column(sa.Float, nullable=True)

    # Obsolete as only for the last 14 days
    nb_forward = sa.Column(sa.Float, nullable=True)
    nb_block = sa.Column(sa.Float, nullable=True)
    nb_reply = sa.Column(sa.Float, nullable=True)
    nb_bounced = sa.Column(sa.Float, nullable=True)
    nb_spam = sa.Column(sa.Float, nullable=True)

    # should be used instead
    nb_forward_last_24h = sa.Column(sa.Float, nullable=True)
    nb_block_last_24h = sa.Column(sa.Float, nullable=True)
    nb_reply_last_24h = sa.Column(sa.Float, nullable=True)
    nb_bounced_last_24h = sa.Column(sa.Float, nullable=True)
    # includes bounces for both forwarding and transactional email
    nb_total_bounced_last_24h = sa.Column(sa.Float, nullable=True)

    nb_verified_custom_domain = sa.Column(sa.Float, nullable=True)
    nb_subdomain = sa.Column(sa.Float, nullable=True)
    nb_directory = sa.Column(sa.Float, nullable=True)

    nb_deleted_directory = sa.Column(sa.Float, nullable=True)
    nb_deleted_subdomain = sa.Column(sa.Float, nullable=True)

    nb_app = sa.Column(sa.Float, nullable=True)


class Bounce(Base, ModelMixin):
    """Record all bounces. Deleted after 7 days"""

    __tablename__ = "bounce"
    email = sa.Column(sa.String(256), nullable=False, index=True)
    info = sa.Column(sa.Text, nullable=True)


class TransactionalEmail(Base, ModelMixin):
    """Storing all email addresses that receive transactional emails, including account email and mailboxes.
    Deleted after 7 days
    """

    __tablename__ = "transactional_email"
    email = sa.Column(sa.String(256), nullable=False, unique=False)


class Payout(Base, ModelMixin):
    """Referral payouts"""

    __tablename__ = "payout"
    user_id = sa.Column(sa.ForeignKey("users.id", ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False)

    # in USD
    amount = sa.Column(sa.Float, nullable=False)

    # BTC, PayPal, etc
    payment_method = sa.Column(sa.String(256), nullable=False)

    # number of upgraded user included in this payout
    number_upgraded_account = sa.Column(sa.Integer, nullable=False)

    comment = sa.Column(sa.Text)

    user = orm.relationship(User)


class IgnoredEmail(Base, ModelMixin):
    """If an email has mail_from and rcpt_to present in this table, discard it by returning 250 status."""

    __tablename__ = "ignored_email"

    mail_from = sa.Column(sa.String(512), nullable=False)
    rcpt_to = sa.Column(sa.String(512), nullable=False)


class IgnoreBounceSender(Base, ModelMixin):
    """Ignore sender that doesn't correctly handle bounces, for example noreply@github.com"""

    __tablename__ = "ignore_bounce_sender"

    mail_from = sa.Column(sa.String(512), nullable=False, unique=True)

    def __repr__(self):
        return f"<NoReplySender {self.mail_from}"


class MessageIDMatching(Base, ModelMixin):
    """Store the SL Message ID and the original Message ID"""

    __tablename__ = "message_id_matching"

    # SimpleLogin Message ID
    sl_message_id = sa.Column(sa.String(512), unique=True, nullable=False)
    original_message_id = sa.Column(sa.String(1024), unique=True, nullable=False)

    # to track what email_log that has created this matching
    email_log_id = sa.Column(
        sa.ForeignKey("email_log.id", ondelete="cascade"), nullable=True
    )

    email_log = orm.relationship("EmailLog")


class DeletedDirectory(Base, ModelMixin):
    """To avoid directory from being reused"""

    __tablename__ = "deleted_directory"

    name = sa.Column(sa.String(128), unique=True, nullable=False)


class DeletedSubdomain(Base, ModelMixin):
    """To avoid directory from being reused"""

    __tablename__ = "deleted_subdomain"

    domain = sa.Column(sa.String(128), unique=True, nullable=False)


class InvalidMailboxDomain(Base, ModelMixin):
    """Domains that can't be used as mailbox"""

    __tablename__ = "invalid_mailbox_domain"

    domain = sa.Column(sa.String(256), unique=True, nullable=False)


# region Phone
class PhoneCountry(Base, ModelMixin):
    __tablename__ = "phone_country"

    name = sa.Column(sa.String(128), unique=True, nullable=False)


class PhoneNumber(Base, ModelMixin):
    __tablename__ = "phone_number"

    country_id = sa.Column(
        sa.ForeignKey(PhoneCountry.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False
    )

    # with country code, e.g. +33612345678
    number = sa.Column(sa.String(128), unique=True, nullable=False)

    active = sa.Column(sa.Boolean, nullable=False, default=True)

    # do not load this column
    comment = deferred(sa.Column(sa.Text, nullable=True))

    country = orm.relationship(PhoneCountry)


class PhoneReservation(Base, ModelMixin):
    __tablename__ = "phone_reservation"

    number_id = sa.Column(
        sa.ForeignKey(PhoneNumber.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False
    )

    user_id = sa.Column(sa.ForeignKey(User.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False)

    number = orm.relationship(PhoneNumber)

    start = sa.Column(ArrowType, nullable=False)
    end = sa.Column(ArrowType, nullable=False)


class PhoneMessage(Base, ModelMixin):
    __tablename__ = "phone_message"

    number_id = sa.Column(
        sa.ForeignKey(PhoneNumber.id, ondelete="cascade"), nullable=False
    )

    from_number = sa.Column(sa.String(128), nullable=False)
    body = sa.Column(sa.Text)

    number = orm.relationship(PhoneNumber)


class AdminAuditLog(Base):
    __tablename__ = "admin_audit_log"

    id = sa.Column(sa.Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
    created_at = sa.Column(ArrowType, default=arrow.utcnow, nullable=False)
    admin_user_id = sa.Column(sa.ForeignKey("users.id"), nullable=False)
    action = sa.Column(sa.Integer, nullable=False)
    model = sa.Column(sa.Text, nullable=False)
    model_id = sa.Column(sa.Integer, nullable=True)
    data = sa.Column(sa.JSON, nullable=True)

    admin = orm.relationship(User, foreign_keys=[admin_user_id])

    @classmethod
    def create(cls, **kw):
        r = cls(**kw)
        Session.add(r)

        return r

    @classmethod
    def create_manual_upgrade(
        cls, admin_user_id: int, upgrade_type: str, user_id: int, giveaway: bool
    ):
        cls.create(
            admin_user_id=admin_user_id,
            action=AuditLogActionEnum.manual_upgrade,
            model="User",
            model_id=user_id,
            data={
                "upgrade_type": upgrade_type,
                "giveaway": giveaway,
            },
        )

    @classmethod
    def extend_trial_1w(cls, admin_user_id: int, user_id: int, trial_end: arrow.Arrow):
        cls.create(
            admin_user_id=admin_user_id,
            action=AuditLogActionEnum.extend_trial,
            model="User",
            model_id=user_id,
            data={"trial_end": trial_end.format(arrow.FORMAT_RFC3339)},
        )

    @classmethod
    def disable_otp_fido(
        cls, admin_user_id: int, user_id: int, had_otp: bool, had_fido: bool
    ):
        cls.create(
            admin_user_id=admin_user_id,
            action=AuditLogActionEnum.disable_2fa,
            model="User",
            model_id=user_id,
            data={"had_otp": had_otp, "had_fido": had_fido},
        )

    @classmethod
    def logged_as_user(cls, admin_user_id: int, user_id: int):
        cls.create(
            admin_user_id=admin_user_id,
            action=AuditLogActionEnum.logged_as_user,
            model="User",
            model_id=user_id,
        )


# endregion