misc: cleanup
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Dylan Araps
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commit
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README.md
292
README.md
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@ -48,52 +48,52 @@ Any donations are appreciated, they give me the time to make this the best resou
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<!-- vim-markdown-toc GFM -->
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* [Strings](#strings)
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* [Trim leading and trailing white-space from string.](#trim-leading-and-trailing-white-space-from-string)
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* [Trim all white-space from string and truncate spaces.](#trim-all-white-space-from-string-and-truncate-spaces)
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* [Use REGEX on a string.](#use-regex-on-a-string)
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* [Split a string on a delimiter.](#split-a-string-on-a-delimiter)
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* [Change a string to lowercase.](#change-a-string-to-lowercase)
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* [Change a string to uppercase.](#change-a-string-to-uppercase)
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* [Trim quotes from a string.](#trim-quotes-from-a-string)
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* [Strip all instances of pattern from string.](#strip-all-instances-of-pattern-from-string)
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* [Strip first occurrence of pattern from string.](#strip-first-occurrence-of-pattern-from-string)
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* [Strip pattern from start of string.](#strip-pattern-from-start-of-string)
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* [Strip pattern from end of string.](#strip-pattern-from-end-of-string)
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* [Check if string contains a sub-string.](#check-if-string-contains-a-sub-string)
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* [Check if string starts with sub-string.](#check-if-string-starts-with-sub-string)
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* [Check if string ends with sub-string.](#check-if-string-ends-with-sub-string)
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* [Trim leading and trailing white-space from string](#trim-leading-and-trailing-white-space-from-string)
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* [Trim all white-space from string and truncate spaces](#trim-all-white-space-from-string-and-truncate-spaces)
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* [Use REGEX on a string](#use-regex-on-a-string)
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* [Split a string on a delimiter](#split-a-string-on-a-delimiter)
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* [Change a string to lowercase](#change-a-string-to-lowercase)
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* [Change a string to uppercase](#change-a-string-to-uppercase)
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* [Trim quotes from a string](#trim-quotes-from-a-string)
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* [Strip all instances of pattern from string](#strip-all-instances-of-pattern-from-string)
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* [Strip first occurrence of pattern from string](#strip-first-occurrence-of-pattern-from-string)
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* [Strip pattern from start of string](#strip-pattern-from-start-of-string)
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* [Strip pattern from end of string](#strip-pattern-from-end-of-string)
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* [Check if string contains a sub-string](#check-if-string-contains-a-sub-string)
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* [Check if string starts with sub-string](#check-if-string-starts-with-sub-string)
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* [Check if string ends with sub-string](#check-if-string-ends-with-sub-string)
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* [Arrays](#arrays)
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* [Reverse an array.](#reverse-an-array)
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* [Remove duplicate array elements.](#remove-duplicate-array-elements)
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* [Random array element.](#random-array-element)
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* [Cycle through an array.](#cycle-through-an-array)
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* [Toggle between two values.](#toggle-between-two-values)
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* [Reverse an array](#reverse-an-array)
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* [Remove duplicate array elements](#remove-duplicate-array-elements)
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* [Random array element](#random-array-element)
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* [Cycle through an array](#cycle-through-an-array)
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* [Toggle between two values](#toggle-between-two-values)
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* [Loops](#loops)
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* [Loop over a range of numbers.](#loop-over-a-range-of-numbers)
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* [Loop over a variable range of numbers.](#loop-over-a-variable-range-of-numbers)
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* [Loop over an array.](#loop-over-an-array)
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* [Loop over an array with an index.](#loop-over-an-array-with-an-index)
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* [Loop over the contents of a file.](#loop-over-the-contents-of-a-file)
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* [Loop over files and directories.](#loop-over-files-and-directories)
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* [Loop over a range of numbers](#loop-over-a-range-of-numbers)
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* [Loop over a variable range of numbers](#loop-over-a-variable-range-of-numbers)
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* [Loop over an array](#loop-over-an-array)
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* [Loop over an array with an index](#loop-over-an-array-with-an-index)
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* [Loop over the contents of a file](#loop-over-the-contents-of-a-file)
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* [Loop over files and directories](#loop-over-files-and-directories)
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* [File handling](#file-handling)
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* [Read a file to a string.](#read-a-file-to-a-string)
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* [Read a file to an array (*by line*).](#read-a-file-to-an-array-by-line)
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* [Get the first N lines of a file.](#get-the-first-n-lines-of-a-file)
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* [Get the last N lines of a file.](#get-the-last-n-lines-of-a-file)
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* [Get the number of lines in a file.](#get-the-number-of-lines-in-a-file)
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* [Count files or directories in directory.](#count-files-or-directories-in-directory)
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* [Create an empty file.](#create-an-empty-file)
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* [Extract lines between two markers.](#extract-lines-between-two-markers)
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* [Read a file to a string](#read-a-file-to-a-string)
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* [Read a file to an array (*by line*)](#read-a-file-to-an-array-by-line)
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* [Get the first N lines of a file](#get-the-first-n-lines-of-a-file)
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* [Get the last N lines of a file](#get-the-last-n-lines-of-a-file)
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* [Get the number of lines in a file](#get-the-number-of-lines-in-a-file)
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* [Count files or directories in directory](#count-files-or-directories-in-directory)
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* [Create an empty file](#create-an-empty-file)
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* [Extract lines between two markers](#extract-lines-between-two-markers)
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* [File Paths](#file-paths)
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* [Get the directory name of a file path.](#get-the-directory-name-of-a-file-path)
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* [Get the base-name of a file path.](#get-the-base-name-of-a-file-path)
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* [Get the directory name of a file path](#get-the-directory-name-of-a-file-path)
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* [Get the base-name of a file path](#get-the-base-name-of-a-file-path)
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* [Variables](#variables)
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* [Assign and access a variable using a variable.](#assign-and-access-a-variable-using-a-variable)
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* [Assign and access a variable using a variable](#assign-and-access-a-variable-using-a-variable)
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* [Escape Sequences](#escape-sequences)
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* [Text Colors.](#text-colors)
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* [Text Attributes.](#text-attributes)
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* [Cursor Movement.](#cursor-movement)
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* [Erasing Text.](#erasing-text)
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* [Text Colors](#text-colors)
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* [Text Attributes](#text-attributes)
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* [Cursor Movement](#cursor-movement)
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* [Erasing Text](#erasing-text)
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* [Parameter Expansion.](#parameter-expansion)
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* [Indirection](#indirection)
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* [Replacement](#replacement)
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@ -105,45 +105,45 @@ Any donations are appreciated, they give me the time to make this the best resou
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* [Ranges](#ranges)
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* [String Lists](#string-lists)
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* [Arithmetic](#arithmetic)
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* [Simpler syntax to set variables.](#simpler-syntax-to-set-variables)
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* [Ternary tests.](#ternary-tests)
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* [Simpler syntax to set variables](#simpler-syntax-to-set-variables)
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* [Ternary tests](#ternary-tests)
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* [Obsolete Syntax](#obsolete-syntax)
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* [Shebang.](#shebang)
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* [Command Substitution.](#command-substitution)
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* [Function Declaration.](#function-declaration)
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* [Shebang](#shebang)
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* [Command Substitution](#command-substitution)
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* [Function Declaration](#function-declaration)
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* [Internal Variables](#internal-variables)
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* [Get the location to the `bash` binary.](#get-the-location-to-the-bash-binary)
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* [Get the version of the current running `bash` process.](#get-the-version-of-the-current-running-bash-process)
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* [Open the user's preferred text editor.](#open-the-users-preferred-text-editor)
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* [Get the name of the current function.](#get-the-name-of-the-current-function)
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* [Get the host-name of the system.](#get-the-host-name-of-the-system)
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* [Get the architecture of the Operating System.](#get-the-architecture-of-the-operating-system)
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* [Get the name of the Operating System / Kernel.](#get-the-name-of-the-operating-system--kernel)
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* [Get the current working directory.](#get-the-current-working-directory)
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* [Get the number of seconds the script has been running.](#get-the-number-of-seconds-the-script-has-been-running)
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* [Get a pseudorandom integer.](#get-a-pseudorandom-integer)
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* [Get the location to the `bash` binary](#get-the-location-to-the-bash-binary)
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* [Get the version of the current running `bash` process](#get-the-version-of-the-current-running-bash-process)
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* [Open the user's preferred text editor](#open-the-users-preferred-text-editor)
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* [Get the name of the current function](#get-the-name-of-the-current-function)
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* [Get the host-name of the system](#get-the-host-name-of-the-system)
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* [Get the architecture of the Operating System](#get-the-architecture-of-the-operating-system)
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* [Get the name of the Operating System / Kernel](#get-the-name-of-the-operating-system--kernel)
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* [Get the current working directory](#get-the-current-working-directory)
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* [Get the number of seconds the script has been running](#get-the-number-of-seconds-the-script-has-been-running)
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* [Get a pseudorandom integer](#get-a-pseudorandom-integer)
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* [Information about the terminal](#information-about-the-terminal)
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* [Get the terminal size in lines and columns (*from a script*).](#get-the-terminal-size-in-lines-and-columns-from-a-script)
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* [Get the terminal size in pixels.](#get-the-terminal-size-in-pixels)
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* [Get the current cursor position.](#get-the-current-cursor-position)
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* [Get the terminal size in lines and columns (*from a script*)](#get-the-terminal-size-in-lines-and-columns-from-a-script)
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* [Get the terminal size in pixels](#get-the-terminal-size-in-pixels)
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* [Get the current cursor position](#get-the-current-cursor-position)
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* [Conversion](#conversion)
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* [Convert a hex color to RGB.](#convert-a-hex-color-to-rgb)
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* [Convert an RGB color to hex.](#convert-an-rgb-color-to-hex)
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* [Convert a hex color to RGB](#convert-a-hex-color-to-rgb)
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* [Convert an RGB color to hex](#convert-an-rgb-color-to-hex)
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* [Code Golf](#code-golf)
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* [Shorter `for` loop syntax.](#shorter-for-loop-syntax)
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* [Shorter infinite loops.](#shorter-infinite-loops)
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* [Shorter function declaration.](#shorter-function-declaration)
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* [Shorter `if` syntax.](#shorter-if-syntax)
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* [Simpler `case` statement to set variable.](#simpler-case-statement-to-set-variable)
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* [Shorter `for` loop syntax](#shorter-for-loop-syntax)
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* [Shorter infinite loops](#shorter-infinite-loops)
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* [Shorter function declaration](#shorter-function-declaration)
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* [Shorter `if` syntax](#shorter-if-syntax)
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* [Simpler `case` statement to set variable](#simpler-case-statement-to-set-variable)
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* [Other](#other)
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* [Use `read` as an alternative to the `sleep` command.](#use-read-as-an-alternative-to-the-sleep-command)
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* [Check if a program is in the user's PATH.](#check-if-a-program-is-in-the-users-path)
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* [Get the current date using `strftime`.](#get-the-current-date-using-strftime)
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* [Generate a UUID V4.](#generate-a-uuid-v4)
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* [Progress bars.](#progress-bars)
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* [Get the list of functions from your script.](#get-the-list-of-functions-from-your-script)
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* [Bypass shell aliases.](#bypass-shell-aliases)
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* [Bypass shell functions.](#bypass-shell-functions)
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* [Use `read` as an alternative to the `sleep` command](#use-read-as-an-alternative-to-the-sleep-command)
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* [Check if a program is in the user's PATH](#check-if-a-program-is-in-the-users-path)
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* [Get the current date using `strftime`](#get-the-current-date-using-strftime)
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* [Generate a UUID V4](#generate-a-uuid-v4)
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* [Progress bars](#progress-bars)
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* [Get the list of functions from your script](#get-the-list-of-functions-from-your-script)
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* [Bypass shell aliases](#bypass-shell-aliases)
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* [Bypass shell functions](#bypass-shell-functions)
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<!-- vim-markdown-toc -->
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@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ Any donations are appreciated, they give me the time to make this the best resou
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# Strings
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## Trim leading and trailing white-space from string.
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## Trim leading and trailing white-space from string
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This is an alternative to `sed`, `awk`, `perl` and other tools. The
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function below works by finding all leading and trailing white-space and
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@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ John Black
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```
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## Trim all white-space from string and truncate spaces.
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## Trim all white-space from string and truncate spaces
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This is an alternative to `sed`, `awk`, `perl` and other tools. The
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function below works by abusing word splitting to create a new string
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@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ $ trim_all "$name"
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John Black is my name.
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```
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## Use REGEX on a string.
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## Use REGEX on a string
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We can use the result of `bash`'s regex matching to replace `sed` for a
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large number of use-cases.
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@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ is_hex_color "$color" || color="#FFFFFF"
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```
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## Split a string on a delimiter.
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## Split a string on a delimiter
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This is an alternative to `cut`, `awk` and other tools.
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@ -280,7 +280,7 @@ IFS=, read -r var1 var2 var3 <<< "$string"
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IFS=, read -ra vars <<< "$string"
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```
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## Change a string to lowercase.
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## Change a string to lowercase
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**CAVEAT:** Requires `bash` 4+
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@ -306,7 +306,7 @@ $ lower "hello"
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hello
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```
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## Change a string to uppercase.
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## Change a string to uppercase
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**CAVEAT:** Requires `bash` 4+
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@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ $ upper "HELLO"
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HELLO
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```
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## Trim quotes from a string.
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## Trim quotes from a string
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**Example Function:**
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@ -352,7 +352,7 @@ $ trim_quotes "$var"
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Hello, World
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```
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## Strip all instances of pattern from string.
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## Strip all instances of pattern from string
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**Example Function:**
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@ -376,7 +376,7 @@ $ strip_all "The Quick Brown Fox" "Quick "
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The Brown Fox
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```
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## Strip first occurrence of pattern from string.
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## Strip first occurrence of pattern from string
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**Example Function:**
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@ -397,7 +397,7 @@ $ strip "The Quick Brown Fox" "[[:space:]]"
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TheQuick Brown Fox
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```
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## Strip pattern from start of string.
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## Strip pattern from start of string
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**Example Function:**
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@ -415,7 +415,7 @@ $ lstrip "The Quick Brown Fox" "The "
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Quick Brown Fox
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```
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## Strip pattern from end of string.
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## Strip pattern from end of string
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**Example Function:**
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@ -433,7 +433,7 @@ $ rstrip "The Quick Brown Fox" " Fox"
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The Quick Brown
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```
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## Check if string contains a sub-string.
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## Check if string contains a sub-string
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**Using a test:**
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@ -471,7 +471,7 @@ case "$var" in
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esac
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```
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## Check if string starts with sub-string.
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## Check if string starts with sub-string
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```shell
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if [[ "$var" == sub_string* ]]; then
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@ -484,7 +484,7 @@ if [[ "$var" != sub_string* ]]; then
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fi
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```
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## Check if string ends with sub-string.
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## Check if string ends with sub-string
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```shell
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if [[ "$var" == *sub_string ]]; then
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@ -500,7 +500,7 @@ fi
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# Arrays
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## Reverse an array.
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## Reverse an array
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Enabling `extdebug` allows access to the `BASH_ARGV` array which stores
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the current function’s arguments in reverse.
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red
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```
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## Remove duplicate array elements.
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## Remove duplicate array elements
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Create a temporary associative array. When setting associative array
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values and a duplicate assignment occurs, bash overwrites the key. This
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blue
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```
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## Random array element.
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## Random array element
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**Example Function:**
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@ -597,7 +597,7 @@ $ random_array_element 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
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3
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```
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## Cycle through an array.
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## Cycle through an array
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Each time the `printf` is called, the next array element is printed. When
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the print hits the last array element it starts from the first element
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```
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## Toggle between two values.
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## Toggle between two values
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This works the same as above, this is just a different use case.
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# Loops
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## Loop over a range of numbers.
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## Loop over a range of numbers
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Don't use `seq`.
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@ -639,7 +639,7 @@ for i in {0..100}; do
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done
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```
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## Loop over a variable range of numbers.
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## Loop over a variable range of numbers
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Don't use `seq`.
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@ -651,7 +651,7 @@ for ((i=0;i<=VAR;i++)); do
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done
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```
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## Loop over an array.
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## Loop over an array
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```shell
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arr=(apples oranges tomatoes)
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@ -662,7 +662,7 @@ for element in "${arr[@]}"; do
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done
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```
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## Loop over an array with an index.
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## Loop over an array with an index
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```shell
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arr=(apples oranges tomatoes)
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@ -678,7 +678,7 @@ for ((i=0;i<${#arr[@]};i++)); do
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done
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```
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## Loop over the contents of a file.
|
||||
## Loop over the contents of a file
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
while read -r line; do
|
||||
|
|
@ -686,7 +686,7 @@ while read -r line; do
|
|||
done < "file"
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Loop over files and directories.
|
||||
## Loop over files and directories
|
||||
|
||||
Don’t use `ls`.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -723,7 +723,7 @@ shopt -u globstar
|
|||
|
||||
**CAVEAT:** `bash` doesn't handle binary data properly in versions `< 4.4`.
|
||||
|
||||
## Read a file to a string.
|
||||
## Read a file to a string
|
||||
|
||||
Alternative to the `cat` command.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -731,7 +731,7 @@ Alternative to the `cat` command.
|
|||
file_data="$(<"file")"
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Read a file to an array (*by line*).
|
||||
## Read a file to an array (*by line*)
|
||||
|
||||
Alternative to the `cat` command.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -743,7 +743,7 @@ IFS=$'\n' read -d "" -ra file_data < "file"
|
|||
mapfile -t file_data < "file"
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Get the first N lines of a file.
|
||||
## Get the first N lines of a file
|
||||
|
||||
Alternative to the `head` command.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -770,7 +770,7 @@ $ head 1 ~/.bashrc
|
|||
# Prompt
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Get the last N lines of a file.
|
||||
## Get the last N lines of a file
|
||||
|
||||
Alternative to the `tail` command.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -797,7 +797,7 @@ $ tail 1 ~/.bashrc
|
|||
# [[ -z "$TMUX" ]] && exec tmux
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Get the number of lines in a file.
|
||||
## Get the number of lines in a file
|
||||
|
||||
Alternative to `wc -l`.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -837,7 +837,7 @@ $ lines_loop ~/.bashrc
|
|||
48
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Count files or directories in directory.
|
||||
## Count files or directories in directory
|
||||
|
||||
This works by passing the output of the glob as function arguments. We
|
||||
then count the arguments and print the number.
|
||||
|
|
@ -868,7 +868,7 @@ $ count ~/Pictures/*.jpg
|
|||
64
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Create an empty file.
|
||||
## Create an empty file
|
||||
|
||||
Alternative to `touch`.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -881,7 +881,7 @@ echo -n > file
|
|||
printf '' > file
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Extract lines between two markers.
|
||||
## Extract lines between two markers
|
||||
|
||||
**Example Function:**
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -909,7 +909,7 @@ $ extract ~/projects/pure-bash/README.md '```sh' '```'
|
|||
|
||||
# File Paths
|
||||
|
||||
## Get the directory name of a file path.
|
||||
## Get the directory name of a file path
|
||||
|
||||
Alternative to the `dirname` command.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -932,7 +932,7 @@ $ dirname ~/Pictures/Downloads/
|
|||
/home/black/Pictures/
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Get the base-name of a file path.
|
||||
## Get the base-name of a file path
|
||||
|
||||
Alternative to the `basename` command.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -958,7 +958,7 @@ Downloads
|
|||
|
||||
# Variables
|
||||
|
||||
## Assign and access a variable using a variable.
|
||||
## Assign and access a variable using a variable
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
hello_world="test"
|
||||
|
|
@ -975,7 +975,7 @@ printf '%s\n' "${!var2}"
|
|||
|
||||
Contrary to popular belief, there's no issue in using raw escape sequences. Using `tput` just abstracts the same ANSI escape sequences. What's worse is that `tput` isn't actually portable, there are a number of different `tput` variants on different Operating Systems each with different commands (*try and run `tput setaf 3` on a FreeBSD system*). The easiest solution ends up being raw ANSI sequences.
|
||||
|
||||
## Text Colors.
|
||||
## Text Colors
|
||||
|
||||
**NOTE:** Sequences requiring RGB values only work in True-Color Terminal Emulators.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -986,7 +986,7 @@ Contrary to popular belief, there's no issue in using raw escape sequences. Usin
|
|||
| `\e[38;2;<R>;<G>;<B>m` | Set text foreground color to RGB color. | `R`, `G`, `B`
|
||||
| `\e[48;2;<R>;<G>;<B>m` | Set text background color to RGB color. | `R`, `G`, `B`
|
||||
|
||||
## Text Attributes.
|
||||
## Text Attributes
|
||||
|
||||
| Sequence | What does it do? |
|
||||
| -------- | ---------------- |
|
||||
|
|
@ -999,7 +999,7 @@ Contrary to popular belief, there's no issue in using raw escape sequences. Usin
|
|||
| `\e[7m` | Swap foreground and background colors. |
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## Cursor Movement.
|
||||
## Cursor Movement
|
||||
|
||||
| Sequence | What does it do? | Value |
|
||||
| -------- | ---------------- | ----- |
|
||||
|
|
@ -1013,7 +1013,7 @@ Contrary to popular belief, there's no issue in using raw escape sequences. Usin
|
|||
| `\e[u` | Restore cursor position. |
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## Erasing Text.
|
||||
## Erasing Text
|
||||
|
||||
| Sequence | What does it do? |
|
||||
| -------- | ---------------- |
|
||||
|
|
@ -1135,7 +1135,7 @@ rm -rf ~/Downloads/{Movies,Music,ISOS}
|
|||
|
||||
# Arithmetic
|
||||
|
||||
## Simpler syntax to set variables.
|
||||
## Simpler syntax to set variables
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
# Simple math
|
||||
|
|
@ -1151,7 +1151,7 @@ rm -rf ~/Downloads/{Movies,Music,ISOS}
|
|||
((var=var2*arr[2]))
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Ternary tests.
|
||||
## Ternary tests
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
# Set the value of var to var2 if var2 is greater than var.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1165,7 +1165,7 @@ rm -rf ~/Downloads/{Movies,Music,ISOS}
|
|||
|
||||
# Obsolete Syntax
|
||||
|
||||
## Shebang.
|
||||
## Shebang
|
||||
|
||||
Use `#!/usr/bin/env bash` instead of `#!/bin/bash`.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1182,7 +1182,7 @@ Use `#!/usr/bin/env bash` instead of `#!/bin/bash`.
|
|||
#!/bin/bash
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Command Substitution.
|
||||
## Command Substitution
|
||||
|
||||
Use `$()` instead of `` ` ` ``.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1197,7 +1197,7 @@ var=`command`
|
|||
var="$(command "$(command)")"
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Function Declaration.
|
||||
## Function Declaration
|
||||
|
||||
Don't use the `function` keyword, it reduces compatibility with older versions of `bash`.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1222,13 +1222,13 @@ help by adding a missing entry!*).
|
|||
For a complete list, see:
|
||||
http://tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/internalvariables.html
|
||||
|
||||
## Get the location to the `bash` binary.
|
||||
## Get the location to the `bash` binary
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
"$BASH"
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Get the version of the current running `bash` process.
|
||||
## Get the version of the current running `bash` process
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
# As a string.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1238,7 +1238,7 @@ http://tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/internalvariables.html
|
|||
"${BASH_VERSINFO[@]}"
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Open the user's preferred text editor.
|
||||
## Open the user's preferred text editor
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
"$EDITOR" "$file"
|
||||
|
|
@ -1247,7 +1247,7 @@ http://tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/internalvariables.html
|
|||
"${EDITOR:-vi}" "$file"
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Get the name of the current function.
|
||||
## Get the name of the current function
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
# Current function.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1264,7 +1264,7 @@ http://tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/internalvariables.html
|
|||
"${FUNCNAME[@]}"
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Get the host-name of the system.
|
||||
## Get the host-name of the system
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
"$HOSTNAME"
|
||||
|
|
@ -1274,13 +1274,13 @@ http://tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/internalvariables.html
|
|||
"${HOSTNAME:-$(hostname)}"
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Get the architecture of the Operating System.
|
||||
## Get the architecture of the Operating System
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
"$HOSTTYPE"
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Get the name of the Operating System / Kernel.
|
||||
## Get the name of the Operating System / Kernel
|
||||
|
||||
This can be used to add conditional support for different Operating
|
||||
Systems without needing to call `uname`.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1289,7 +1289,7 @@ Systems without needing to call `uname`.
|
|||
"$OSTYPE"
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Get the current working directory.
|
||||
## Get the current working directory
|
||||
|
||||
This is an alternative to the `pwd` built-in.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1297,13 +1297,13 @@ This is an alternative to the `pwd` built-in.
|
|||
"$PWD"
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Get the number of seconds the script has been running.
|
||||
## Get the number of seconds the script has been running
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
"$SECONDS"
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Get a pseudorandom integer.
|
||||
## Get a pseudorandom integer
|
||||
|
||||
Each time `$RANDOM` is used, a different integer between `0` and `32767` is returned. This variable should not be used for anything related to security (*this includes encryption keys etc*).
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1314,7 +1314,7 @@ Each time `$RANDOM` is used, a different integer between `0` and `32767` is retu
|
|||
|
||||
# Information about the terminal
|
||||
|
||||
## Get the terminal size in lines and columns (*from a script*).
|
||||
## Get the terminal size in lines and columns (*from a script*)
|
||||
|
||||
This is handy when writing scripts in pure bash and `stty`/`tput` can’t be
|
||||
called.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1340,7 +1340,7 @@ $ get_term_size
|
|||
15 55
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Get the terminal size in pixels.
|
||||
## Get the terminal size in pixels
|
||||
|
||||
**CAVEAT**: This does not work in some terminal emulators.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1367,7 +1367,7 @@ $ get_window_size
|
|||
x
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Get the current cursor position.
|
||||
## Get the current cursor position
|
||||
|
||||
This is useful when creating a TUI in pure bash.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1391,7 +1391,7 @@ $ get_cursor_pos
|
|||
|
||||
# Conversion
|
||||
|
||||
## Convert a hex color to RGB.
|
||||
## Convert a hex color to RGB
|
||||
|
||||
**Example Function:**
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1414,7 +1414,7 @@ $ hex_to_rgb "#FFFFFF"
|
|||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
## Convert an RGB color to hex.
|
||||
## Convert an RGB color to hex
|
||||
|
||||
**Example Function:**
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1435,7 +1435,7 @@ $ rgb_to_hex "255" "255" "255"
|
|||
|
||||
# Code Golf
|
||||
|
||||
## Shorter `for` loop syntax.
|
||||
## Shorter `for` loop syntax
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
# Tiny C Style.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1451,7 +1451,7 @@ for i in {1..10}; do echo "$i"; done
|
|||
for((i=0;i<=10;i++)); do echo "$i"; done
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Shorter infinite loops.
|
||||
## Shorter infinite loops
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
# Normal method
|
||||
|
|
@ -1461,7 +1461,7 @@ while :; do echo hi; done
|
|||
for((;;)){ echo hi;}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Shorter function declaration.
|
||||
## Shorter function declaration
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
# Normal method
|
||||
|
|
@ -1482,7 +1482,7 @@ f()if true; then echo "$1"; fi
|
|||
f()for i in "$@"; do echo "$i"; done
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Shorter `if` syntax.
|
||||
## Shorter `if` syntax
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
# One line
|
||||
|
|
@ -1502,7 +1502,7 @@ f()for i in "$@"; do echo "$i"; done
|
|||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Simpler `case` statement to set variable.
|
||||
## Simpler `case` statement to set variable
|
||||
|
||||
We can use the `:` builtin to avoid repeating `variable=` in a case
|
||||
statement. The `$_` variable stores the last argument of the last
|
||||
|
|
@ -1540,7 +1540,7 @@ os="$_"
|
|||
|
||||
# Other
|
||||
|
||||
## Use `read` as an alternative to the `sleep` command.
|
||||
## Use `read` as an alternative to the `sleep` command
|
||||
|
||||
I was surprised to find out `sleep` is an external command and isn't a
|
||||
built-in.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1563,7 +1563,7 @@ read_sleep 0.1
|
|||
read_sleep 30
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Check if a program is in the user's PATH.
|
||||
## Check if a program is in the user's PATH
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
# There are 3 ways to do this and you can use either of
|
||||
|
|
@ -1589,7 +1589,7 @@ if ! type -p convert &>/dev/null; then
|
|||
fi
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Get the current date using `strftime`.
|
||||
## Get the current date using `strftime`
|
||||
|
||||
Bash’s `printf` has a built-in method of getting the date which we can use
|
||||
in place of the `date` command in a lot of cases.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1623,7 +1623,7 @@ $ printf '%s\n' "$date"
|
|||
Fri 15 Jun - 10:00 AM
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Generate a UUID V4.
|
||||
## Generate a UUID V4
|
||||
|
||||
**Example Function:**
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -1660,7 +1660,7 @@ $ uuid
|
|||
d5b6c731-1310-4c24-9fe3-55d556d44374
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Progress bars.
|
||||
## Progress bars
|
||||
|
||||
This is a simple way of drawing progress bars without needing a for loop
|
||||
in the function itself.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1696,7 +1696,7 @@ done
|
|||
printf '\n'
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Get the list of functions from your script.
|
||||
## Get the list of functions from your script
|
||||
|
||||
```sh
|
||||
get_functions() {
|
||||
|
|
@ -1706,7 +1706,7 @@ get_functions() {
|
|||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Bypass shell aliases.
|
||||
## Bypass shell aliases
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
# alias
|
||||
|
|
@ -1717,7 +1717,7 @@ ls
|
|||
\ls
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Bypass shell functions.
|
||||
## Bypass shell functions
|
||||
|
||||
```shell
|
||||
# function
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue