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@ -72,22 +72,22 @@ Clears content on window.
<td><a href="#c-cp">cp</a></td> <td><a href="#c-cp">cp</a></td>
<td><a href="#d-diff">diff</a></td> <td><a href="#d-diff">diff</a></td>
<td><a href="#e-file">file</a></td> <td><a href="#e-file">file</a></td>
<td><a href="#f-gunzip">gunzip</a></td> <td><a href="#f-find">find</a></td>
<td><a href="#g-gzcat">gzcat</a></td> <td><a href="#g-gunzip">gunzip</a></td>
<td><a href="#h-gzip">gzip</a></td> <td><a href="#h-gzcat">gzcat</a></td>
<td><a href="#i-head">head</a></td> <td><a href="#i-gzip">gzip</a></td>
<td><a href="#j-lpq">lpq</a></td> <td><a href="#j-head">head</a></td>
</tr> </tr>
<tr> <tr>
<td><a href="#k-lpr">lpr</a></td> <td><a href="#k-lpq">lpq</a></td>
<td><a href="#l-lprm">lprm</a></td> <td><a href="#l-lpr">lpr</a></td>
<td><a href="#m-ls">ls</a></td> <td><a href="#m-lprm">lprm</a></td>
<td><a href="#n-more">more</a></td> <td><a href="#n-ls">ls</a></td>
<td><a href="#o-mv">mv</a></td> <td><a href="#o-more">more</a></td>
<td><a href="#p-rm">rm</a></td> <td><a href="#p-mv">mv</a></td>
<td><a href="#q-tail">tail</a></td> <td><a href="#q-rm">rm</a></td>
<td><a href="#r-touch">touch</a></td> <td><a href="#r-tail">tail</a></td>
<td><a href="#s-find">find</a></td> <td><a href="#s-touch">touch</a></td>
</tr> </tr>
</table> </table>
@ -132,32 +132,42 @@ Example:
$ file index.html $ file index.html
index.html: HTML document, ASCII text index.html: HTML document, ASCII text
``` ```
### f. `find`
Find files in directory
```bash
find directory options pattern
```
Example:
```bash
$ find . -name README.md
$ find /home/user1 -name '*.png'
```
### f. `gunzip` ### g. `gunzip`
Un-compresses files compressed by gzip. Un-compresses files compressed by gzip.
```bash ```bash
gunzip filename gunzip filename
``` ```
### g. `gzcat` ### h. `gzcat`
Lets you look at gzipped file without actually having to gunzip it. Lets you look at gzipped file without actually having to gunzip it.
```bash ```bash
gzcat filename gzcat filename
``` ```
### h. `gzip` ### i. `gzip`
Compresses files. Compresses files.
```bash ```bash
gzip filename gzip filename
``` ```
### i. `head` ### j. `head`
Outputs the first 10 lines of file Outputs the first 10 lines of file
```bash ```bash
head filename head filename
``` ```
### j. `lpq` ### k. `lpq`
Check out the printer queue. Check out the printer queue.
```bash ```bash
lpq lpq
@ -170,19 +180,19 @@ active adnanad 59 demo 399360 bytes
1st adnanad 60 (stdin) 0 bytes 1st adnanad 60 (stdin) 0 bytes
``` ```
### k. `lpr` ### l. `lpr`
Print the file. Print the file.
```bash ```bash
lpr filename lpr filename
``` ```
### l. `lprm` ### m. `lprm`
Remove something from the printer queue. Remove something from the printer queue.
```bash ```bash
lprm jobnumber lprm jobnumber
``` ```
### m. `ls` ### n. `ls`
Lists your files. `ls` has many options: `-l` lists files in 'long format', which contains the exact size of the file, who owns the file, who has the right to look at it, and when it was last modified. `-a` lists all files, including hidden files. For more information on this command check this [link](https://ss64.com/bash/ls.html). Lists your files. `ls` has many options: `-l` lists files in 'long format', which contains the exact size of the file, who owns the file, who has the right to look at it, and when it was last modified. `-a` lists all files, including hidden files. For more information on this command check this [link](https://ss64.com/bash/ls.html).
```bash ```bash
ls option ls option
@ -200,20 +210,20 @@ drwxr-xr-x 17 adnan staff 578 Mar 27 23:36 .git
-rwxr-xr-x 1 adnan staff 2702 Mar 25 18:08 .gitignore -rwxr-xr-x 1 adnan staff 2702 Mar 25 18:08 .gitignore
</pre> </pre>
### n. `more` ### o. `more`
Shows the first part of a file (move with space and type q to quit). Shows the first part of a file (move with space and type q to quit).
```bash ```bash
more filename more filename
``` ```
### o. `mv` ### p. `mv`
Moves a file from one location to other. Moves a file from one location to other.
```bash ```bash
mv filename1 filename2 mv filename1 filename2
``` ```
Where `filename1` is the source path to the file and `filename2` is the destination path to the file. Where `filename1` is the source path to the file and `filename2` is the destination path to the file.
### p. `rm` ### q. `rm`
Removes a file. Using this command on a directory gives you an error. Removes a file. Using this command on a directory gives you an error.
`rm: directory: is a directory` `rm: directory: is a directory`
To remove a directory you have to pass `-r` which will remove the content of the directory recursively. Optionally you can use `-f` flag to force the deletion i.e. without any confirmations etc. To remove a directory you have to pass `-r` which will remove the content of the directory recursively. Optionally you can use `-f` flag to force the deletion i.e. without any confirmations etc.
@ -221,13 +231,13 @@ To remove a directory you have to pass `-r` which will remove the content of the
rm filename rm filename
``` ```
### q. `tail` ### r. `tail`
Outputs the last 10 lines of file. Use `-f` to output appended data as the file grows. Outputs the last 10 lines of file. Use `-f` to output appended data as the file grows.
```bash ```bash
tail filename tail filename
``` ```
### r. `touch` ### s. `touch`
Creates or updates your file. Creates or updates your file.
```bash ```bash
touch filename touch filename
@ -237,17 +247,6 @@ Example:
$ touch trick.md $ touch trick.md
``` ```
### s. `find`
Find files in directory
```bash
find directory options pattern
```
Example:
```bash
$ find . -name README.md
$ find /home/user1 -name '*.png'
```
## 1.2. Text Operations ## 1.2. Text Operations
<table> <table>