fd

fd is a simple, fast and user-friendly alternative to find.

While it does not seek to mirror all of find's powerful functionality, it provides sensible (opinionated) defaults for 80% of the use cases.

Features

• Convenient syntax: fd PATTERN instead of find -iname '*PATTERN*'.
• Colorized terminal output (similar to ls).
• It's fast (see benchmarks below).
• Smart case: the search is case-insensitive by default. It switches to case-sensitive if the pattern contains an uppercase character*.
• Ignores hidden directories and files, by default.
• Ignores patterns from your .gitignore, by default.
• Regular expressions.
• Unicode-awareness.
• The command name is 50% shorter* than find :-).

Demo

Colorized output

fd can colorize files by extension, just like ls. In order for this to work, the environment variable LS_COLORS has to be set. Typically, the value of this variable is set by the dircolors command which provides a convenient configuration format to define colors for different file formats. On most distributions, LS_COLORS should be set already. If you are looking for alternative, more complete (and more colorful) variants, see here or here.

Benchmark

Let's search my home folder for files that end in [0-9].jpg. It contains ~150.000 subdirectories and about a million files. For averaging and statistical analysis, I'm using bench. All benchmarks are performed for a "warm cache". Results for a cold cache are similar.

Let's start with find:

find ~ -iregex '.*[0-9]\.jpg$'

time                 6.265 s    (6.127 s .. NaN s)
                     1.000 R²   (1.000 R² .. 1.000 R²)
mean                 6.162 s    (6.140 s .. 6.181 s)
std dev              31.73 ms   (0.0 s .. 33.48 ms)

find is much faster if it does not need to perform a regular-expression search:

find ~ -iname '*[0-9].jpg'

time                 2.866 s    (2.754 s .. 2.964 s)
                     1.000 R²   (0.999 R² .. 1.000 R²)
mean                 2.860 s    (2.834 s .. 2.875 s)
std dev              23.11 ms   (0.0 s .. 25.09 ms)

Now let's try the same for fd. Note that fd always performs a regular expression search. The options --hidden and --no-ignore are needed for a fair comparison, otherwise fd does not have to traverse hidden folders and ignored paths (see below):

fd --hidden --no-ignore '.*[0-9]\.jpg$' ~

time                 892.6 ms   (839.0 ms .. 915.4 ms)
                     0.999 R²   (0.997 R² .. 1.000 R²)
mean                 871.2 ms   (857.9 ms .. 881.3 ms)
std dev              15.50 ms   (0.0 s .. 17.49 ms)

For this particular example, fd is approximately seven times faster than find -iregex and about three times faster than find -iname. By the way, both tools found the exact same 14030 files 😄.

Finally, let's run fd without --hidden and --no-ignore (this can lead to different search results, of course):

fd '[0-9]\.jpg$' ~

time                 159.5 ms   (155.8 ms .. 165.3 ms)
                     0.999 R²   (0.996 R² .. 1.000 R²)
mean                 158.7 ms   (156.5 ms .. 161.6 ms)
std dev              3.263 ms   (2.401 ms .. 4.298 ms)

Note: This is one particular benchmark on one particular machine. While I have performed quite a lot of different tests (and found consistent results), things might be different for you! I encourage everyone to try it out on their own.

Concerning fd's speed, the main credit goes to the regex and ignore crates that are also used in ripgrep (check it out!).

Install

With Rust's package manager cargo, you can install fd via:

cargo install fd-find

Note that rust version 1.16.0 or later is required. The release page of this repository also includes precompiled binaries for Linux.

On macOS, you can use Homebrew:

brew install fd

On Arch Linux, you can install the AUR package fd-rs via yaourt, or manually:

git clone https://aur.archlinux.org/fd-rs.git
cd fd-rs
makepkg -si

Development

git clone https://github.com/sharkdp/fd

# Build
cd fd
cargo build

# Run unit tests
cargo test

# Run integration tests
cd tests
bash test.sh

# Install
cargo install

Command-line options

USAGE:
    fd [FLAGS/OPTIONS] [<pattern>] [<path>]

FLAGS:
    -H, --hidden            Search hidden files and directories
    -I, --no-ignore         Do not respect .(git)ignore files
    -s, --case-sensitive    Case-sensitive search (default: smart case)
    -a, --absolute-path     Show absolute instead of relative paths
    -L, --follow            Follow symbolic links
    -p, --full-path         Search full path (default: file-/dirname only)
    -0, --print0            Separate results by the null character
    -h, --help              Prints help information
    -V, --version           Prints version information

OPTIONS:
    -d, --max-depth <depth>    Set maximum search depth (default: none)
    -t, --type <file-type>     Filter by type: f(ile), d(irectory), s(ymlink)
    -e, --extension <ext>      Filter by file extension
    -c, --color <color>        When to use color in the output:
                               never, auto, always (default: auto)
    -j, --threads <threads>    Set number of threads to use for searching
                               (default: number of available CPU cores)

ARGS:
    <pattern>    the search pattern, a regular expression (optional)
    <path>       the root directory for the filesystem search (optional)