# howto install Solyd with chroot, without cd-rom drive

useful  on debian based system, if you haven't a cd-rom drive, or you can't boot from it, or as basic principle  to install on uefi system.

## preliminary
you must adapt:
* your downloaded iso: /home/_chargements/_isos/solyd/solydx32_201306.iso  
	(with 2013.06, you have kernel 3.2, with  2013.08 kernel 3.9, with 2013.09 kernel 3.10)
* target partition: /dev/sda10
* eventualy, mounting point: /mnt/iso  /mnt/target
* new user: kyodev
* your text editor : geany, replace with kate, mousepad, kwrite, gedit ...
* your localization: fr

## mount iso file
```
su    # obtain root privileges

	# create mounting points
mkdir /mnt/iso
mkdir /mnt/target
chmod o+r+X /mnt/target

	# choose your correct iso
mount -t iso9660 /home/_chargements/_isos/solyd/solydx32_201306.iso /mnt/iso

	# verify squashfs filesystem location
  # before 08.2013: 
  # ls /mnt/iso/casper/filesystem.squashfs
  # since 08.2013: 
ls /mnt/iso/solydxk/filesystem.squashfs

	#mount target partition
mount /dev/sda10 /mnt/target

# apt-get install squashfs-tools    # eventualy, sometimes unsquashfs isn't installed, LM15 by example

	# uncompress squashfs filesystems; it will take few times
unsquashfs -f -d /mnt/target /mnt/iso/solydxk/filesystem.squashfs
```
now you have iso system on your target partition

## preparation new system outside chroot
```shell
cp /etc/fstab  /mnt/target/etc/fstab

	# adapt fstab with future system
blkid ; geany  /mnt/target/etc/fstab

	# eventualy correct sources.list with stable or if older
geany /mnt/target/etc/apt/sources.list

	# not necessary, possible description adaptation, for grub menu 
	# change DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION SolydXK to SolydX or SolydK
geany /mnt/target/etc/lsb-release	

	# change machine name
geany /mnt/target/etc/hostname
geany /mnt/target/etc/hosts

	# for solydX, remove auto-login for solydxk user, lines near 78:
  # 'autologin-user=solydxk'
  # 'autologin-user-timeout=0'
  # will be:
  # '#autologin-user=solydxk'
  # '#autologin-user-timeout=0'
  # or 
  # 'autologin-user=kyodev'
  # 'autologin-user-timeout=0'
geany /mnt/target/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf

	# connection preparation for chroot
cp /etc/resolv.conf  /mnt/target/etc/resolv.conf
```
now you are ready to chroot (enter in your futre system)

## chroot
```shell
mount --bind /dev /mnt/target/dev
mount --bind /run  /mnt/target/run
chroot /mnt/target
mount -t proc none /proc ; mount -t sysfs none /sys ; mount -t devpts none /dev/pts

	# verify your chroot is ok, correct fstab by example: cat /etc/fstab and mount
```
## configuration

now you are inside, you can adapt and prepare your future system, by example:
```shell
apt-get update

	### localization of future system
	# choose en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8 (already selected) fr_FR.UTF-8 UTF-8, adapt fr with your country
	# default locale fr_FR.UTF-8 UTF-8 
export LANG=fr_FR.UTF-8
dpkg-reconfigure locales

	# verify that en, en_US.UTF-8, fr fr_FR.UTF-8 are already selected, adapt fr with your country
apt install localepurge

	# https://wiki.debian.org/Keyboard
dpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configuration

	# timeZone
dpkg-reconfigure tzdata

	# adapt ln=fr, with your country; ln=it for example.
ln=fr

	# for soldK KDE
	# unnecessary for solydX XFCE
apt-get -y install kde-l10n-$ln

	# eventualy, localize applications
apt install firefox-l10n-$ln
apt install thunderbird-l10n-$ln
apt install libreoffice-l10n-$ln

	# divers
apt install lightning-l10n-$ln libreoffice-l10n-$ln libreoffice-help-$ln hunspell hunspell-$ln \
hunspell-$ln-classical mythes-$ln hyphen-$ln
tasksel install task-french-desktop task-french


	# remove live user
deluser solydxk; groupdel solydxk
rm -fr /home/solydxk	

	# create new user
adduser kyodev
	
	# add newuser to common groups (addgroup user group)
	#/!\ warning 2 lines to copy/paste
for i in sys adm lp dialout cdrom floppy sudo audio dip video \
	plugdev netdev lpadmin sambashare; do addgroup kyodev $i; done

	# define a new password for root
passwd root

	# purge file
rm /boot/grub/device.map
touch /boot/grub/device.map

	# update grub, verify that live boot options in /etc/default/grun are correct
grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg 

	# eventualy install now as master grub,
# grub-install /dev/sda

# possible also: rm /boot/grub/grub.cfg and update-grub later. 
# in this case, grub.cfg of grub master will be made with /dev/sda11

# if exists and installed, verify: apt policy extlinux
# update uuid i extlinux
# extlinux-update

	# remove unnecessary packages
apt purge plymouth*
rm -fr /usr/share/plymouth

apt purge virtualbox*
rm /usr/share/app-install/*/virtualbox.*
rm /usr/share/solydxk/softwaremanager/installed/virtualbox*

apt purge live-*
rm -fr /usr/lib/live-installer
rm /etc/rc*.d/*live-installer
rm /var/tmp/live-installer-face.png

apt purge ndiswrapper-dkms ndiswrapper-common ndiswrapper-utils-1.9

apt purge steam*

	# see kbuild installed
dpkg -l linux-kbuild-*

# remove unnecessary, example: linux-kbuild-3.2 linux-kbuild-3.9 for 2913.09 isos:
# apt purge linux-kbuild-3.2 linux-kbuild-3.9
# example to adapt

	# verify your correct architecture installed to future upgrades
	# for example, you must have for 486:
	  # i	linux-headers-486
	  # i	linux-image-486
	# install or remove  if necessary
apt search linux  | egrep '(linux-image|linux-headers)-(486|686|amd64)'

	# for Kde
	# example to adapt
apt purge konqueror kopete kppp kaddressbook ktorrent libktorrent-l10n ktorrent-data

apt autoremove
apt purge `deborphan`

	# few settings
echo 'vm.swappiness=5' >> /etc/sysctl.d/local_custom.conf
echo 'vm.vfs_cache_pressure=50' >> /etc/sysctl.d/local_custom.conf
echo 'vm.dirty_background_ratio=15' >> /etc/sysctl.d/local_custom.conf
echo 'vm.dirty_ratio=30' >> /etc/sysctl.d/local_custom.conf
```
 now, your system is ready

## unchroot
```shell
umount /dev/pts ; umount /sys ; umount /proc
exit
umount /mnt/target/dev ; umount /mnt/target/run
```
now you can remove your earlier preparation

## menage
```shell
umount /mnt/target
umount /mnt/iso

rmdir /mnt/target
rmdir /mnt/iso

exit
```
tried with solyd X&K 32 2013.06, solydX32 2013.09, from Solyd and LM15