# To implement a for loop:
for file in *;
do 
    echo $file found;
done

# To implement a case command:
case "$1"
in
    0) echo "zero found";;
    1) echo "one found";;
    2) echo "two found";;
    3*) echo "something beginning with 3 found";;
esac

# Turn on debugging:
set -x

# Turn off debugging:
set +x

# Retrieve N-th piped command exit status
printf 'foo' | fgrep 'foo' | sed 's/foo/bar/'
echo ${PIPESTATUS[0]}  # replace 0 with N

# Lock file:
( set -o noclobber; echo > my.lock ) || echo 'Failed to create lock file'