bat/README.md

387 lines
12 KiB
Markdown
Raw Normal View History

2018-05-22 21:54:34 +02:00
<p align="center">
<img src="doc/logo-header.svg" alt="bat - a cat clone with wings"><br>
2018-07-17 23:37:03 +02:00
<a href="https://travis-ci.org/sharkdp/bat"><img src="https://travis-ci.org/sharkdp/bat.svg?branch=master" alt="Build Status"></a>
2018-08-29 18:51:47 +02:00
<a href="https://ci.appveyor.com/project/sharkdp/bat"><img src="https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/cptsmtbiwbnr2vhf?svg=true"></a>
2018-05-30 21:02:40 +02:00
<img src="https://img.shields.io/crates/l/bat.svg" alt="license">
2018-05-30 21:10:14 +02:00
<a href="https://crates.io/crates/bat"><img src="https://img.shields.io/crates/v/bat.svg?colorB=319e8c" alt="Version info"></a><br>
2018-05-22 21:54:34 +02:00
A <i>cat(1)</i> clone with syntax highlighting and Git integration.
</p>
2018-04-21 14:23:57 +02:00
2018-05-30 21:23:24 +02:00
<p align="center">
<a href="#syntax-highlighting">Key Features</a>
<a href="#how-to-use">How To Use</a>
<a href="#installation">Installation</a>
<a href="#customization">Customization</a>
<a href="#project-goals-and-alternatives">Project goals, alternatives</a>
</p>
2018-04-22 15:30:28 +02:00
### Syntax highlighting
2018-05-07 20:06:01 +02:00
`bat` supports syntax highlighting for a large number of programming and markup
languages:
2018-04-22 15:30:28 +02:00
2018-04-26 00:02:53 +02:00
![Syntax highlighting example](https://imgur.com/rGsdnDe.png)
2018-04-22 15:30:28 +02:00
### Git integration
2018-05-07 20:06:01 +02:00
`bat` communicates with `git` to show modifications with respect to the index
(see left side bar):
2018-04-26 00:02:53 +02:00
2018-04-26 00:03:25 +02:00
![Git integration example](https://i.imgur.com/2lSW4RE.png)
2018-04-22 16:15:07 +02:00
### Automatic paging
`bat` can pipe its own output to `less` if the output is too large for one screen.
### File concatenation
Oh.. you can also use it to concatenate files :wink:. Whenever
`bat` detects a non-interactive terminal, it will fall back to printing
the plain file contents.
2018-05-30 21:23:24 +02:00
## How to use
2018-05-09 00:33:49 +02:00
Display a single file on the terminal
```bash
2018-05-09 00:33:49 +02:00
> bat README.md
```
Display multiple files at once
```bash
2018-05-09 00:33:49 +02:00
> bat src/*.rs
```
2018-05-30 21:32:40 +02:00
Read from stdin, explicitly specify the language
2018-05-09 00:33:49 +02:00
```bash
2018-05-09 00:33:49 +02:00
> yaml2json .travis.yml | json_pp | bat -l json
```
```bash
2018-05-09 00:33:49 +02:00
> curl -s https://raw.githubusercontent.com/sharkdp/bat/master/src/main.rs | bat -l rs
```
2018-05-31 22:57:18 +02:00
As a replacement for `cat`:
```bash
bat > note.md # quickly create a new file
bat header.md content.md footer.md > document.md
bat -n main.rs # show line numbers (only)
2018-06-01 16:32:33 +02:00
bat f - g # output 'f', then stdin, then 'g'.
2018-05-31 22:57:18 +02:00
```
2018-05-09 00:33:49 +02:00
2018-04-22 16:15:07 +02:00
## Installation
2018-08-28 20:55:15 +02:00
### On Ubuntu
*... and other Debian-based Linux distributions.*
2018-05-02 20:01:43 +02:00
2018-08-28 20:55:15 +02:00
Download the latest `.deb` package from the [release page](https://github.com/sharkdp/bat/releases)
and install it via:
``` bash
2018-09-23 10:30:19 +02:00
sudo dpkg -i bat_0.7.1_amd64.deb # adapt version number and architecture
2018-08-28 20:55:15 +02:00
```
2018-04-26 00:02:53 +02:00
2018-08-28 21:04:41 +02:00
### On Arch Linux
2018-08-28 20:55:15 +02:00
You can install [the `bat` package](https://www.archlinux.org/packages/community/x86_64/bat/)
from the official sources:
```bash
2018-06-08 11:34:57 +02:00
pacman -S bat
```
2018-08-28 20:55:15 +02:00
### On Void Linux
You can install `bat` via xbps-install:
```
xbps-install -S bat
```
2018-08-28 21:04:41 +02:00
### On FreeBSD
You can install a precompiled [`bat` package](https://www.freshports.org/textproc/bat) with pkg:
```bash
pkg install bat
```
or build it on your own from the FreeBSD ports:
```bash
cd /usr/ports/textproc/bat
make install
```
### Via Ansible
You can install `bat` with [Ansible](https://www.ansible.com/):
```bash
# Install role on local machine
ansible-galaxy install aeimer.install_bat
```
```yaml
---
# Playbook to install bat
- host: all
roles:
- aeimer.install_bat
```
- [Ansible Galaxy](https://galaxy.ansible.com/aeimer/install_bat)
2018-09-20 14:50:54 +02:00
- [GitHub](https://github.com/aeimer/ansible-install-bat)
This should work with the following distributions:
- Debian/Ubuntu
- ARM (eg. Raspberry PI)
- Arch Linux
- Void Linux
- FreeBSD
- MacOS
2018-08-28 21:04:41 +02:00
### On macOS
You can install `bat` with [Homebrew](http://braumeister.org/formula/bat):
```bash
brew install bat
```
2018-09-01 00:59:30 +02:00
### On Windows
2018-09-20 14:50:54 +02:00
You can download prebuilt binaries from the [Release page](https://github.com/sharkdp/bat/releases),
2018-09-04 08:25:24 +02:00
or install it with [scoop](https://scoop.sh/):
2018-09-03 23:41:35 +02:00
```bash
scoop install bat
```
2018-09-01 00:59:30 +02:00
2018-09-08 10:31:33 +02:00
[See below](#using-bat-on-windows) for notes.
2018-08-28 20:55:15 +02:00
### From binaries
Check out the [Release page](https://github.com/sharkdp/bat/releases) for
2018-10-05 23:01:46 +02:00
prebuilt versions of `bat` for many different architectures. Statically-linked
binaries are available, just look for releases with `musl` in the name on the
releases page.
2018-08-28 20:55:15 +02:00
### From source
2018-10-07 13:38:01 +02:00
If you want to build `bat` from source, you need Rust 1.27 or
2018-05-07 20:06:01 +02:00
higher. You can then use `cargo` to build everything:
```bash
2018-04-22 16:15:07 +02:00
cargo install bat
2018-04-26 00:02:53 +02:00
```
2018-04-30 16:03:33 +02:00
You may have to install `cmake` and the `libz` development package
(`libz-dev` or `libz-devel`) in order for the build to succeed.
2018-04-30 16:03:33 +02:00
## Customization
2018-05-30 21:32:40 +02:00
### Highlighting theme
Use `bat --list-themes` to get a list of all available themes for syntax
2018-07-23 21:58:06 +02:00
highlighting. To select the `TwoDark` theme, call `bat` with the
`--theme=TwoDark` option or set the `BAT_THEME` environment variable to
2018-09-20 14:50:54 +02:00
`TwoDark`. Use `export BAT_THEME="TwoDark"` in your shell's startup file to
2018-07-23 21:58:06 +02:00
make the change permanent.
If you want to preview the different themes on a custom file, you can use
the following command (you need [`fzf`](https://github.com/junegunn/fzf) for this):
``` bash
bat --list-themes | fzf --preview="bat --theme={} --color=always /path/to/file"
```
2018-05-30 21:32:40 +02:00
### Output style
You can use the `--style` option to control the appearance of `bat`s output.
You can use `--style=numbers,changes`, for example, to show only Git changes
2018-09-12 21:57:54 +02:00
and line numbers but no grid and no file header. Use the `BAT_STYLE` environment
variable to make these changes permanent.
2018-05-30 21:32:40 +02:00
### Adding new syntaxes / language definitions
2018-05-30 21:32:40 +02:00
2018-05-07 20:06:01 +02:00
`bat` uses the excellent [`syntect`](https://github.com/trishume/syntect/)
library for syntax highlighting. `syntect` can read any
[Sublime Text `.sublime-syntax` file](https://www.sublimetext.com/docs/3/syntax.html)
and theme. To add new syntax definitions, do the following.
2018-04-30 16:03:33 +02:00
Create a folder with syntax definition files:
2018-05-02 22:21:56 +02:00
```bash
BAT_CONFIG_DIR="$(bat cache --config-dir)"
mkdir -p "$BAT_CONFIG_DIR/syntaxes"
cd "$BAT_CONFIG_DIR/syntaxes"
2018-04-30 16:03:33 +02:00
# Put new '.sublime-syntax' language definition files
# in this folder (or its subdirectories), for example:
git clone https://github.com/tellnobody1/sublime-purescript-syntax
2018-04-30 16:03:33 +02:00
```
Now use the following command to parse these files into a binary cache:
2018-05-02 22:21:56 +02:00
```bash
bat cache --init
```
Finally, use `bat --list-languages` to check if the new languages are available.
If you ever want to go back to the default settings, call:
```bash
bat cache --clear
2018-04-30 16:03:33 +02:00
```
### Adding new themes
This works very similar to how we add new syntax definitions.
First, create a folder with the new syntax highlighting themes:
```bash
BAT_CONFIG_DIR="$(bat cache --config-dir)"
mkdir -p "$BAT_CONFIG_DIR/themes"
cd "$BAT_CONFIG_DIR/themes"
# Download a theme in '.tmTheme' format, for example:
git clone https://github.com/greggb/sublime-snazzy
# Update the binary cache
bat cache --init
```
Finally, use `bat --list-themes` to check if the new themes are available.
### Using a different pager
`bat` uses the pager that is specified in the `PAGER` environment variable. If this variable is not
set, `less` is used by default. If you want to use a different pager, you can either modify the
`PAGER` variable or set the `BAT_PAGER` environment variable to override what is specified in
2018-09-26 18:08:24 +02:00
`PAGER`.
If you want to pass command-line arguments to the pager, you need to create a small shell
script as a wrapper, for example
```bash
#!/bin/bash
less --tabs 4 -R "$@"
```
2018-09-26 18:08:24 +02:00
(put this in a file `~/.bat-pager.sh`, make it executable `chmod +x ~/.bat-pager.sh` and use
`export BAT_PAGER="$HOME/.bat-pager.sh"` in your shells `rc` file)
**Note**: By default, if the pager is set to `less`, `bat` will pass the following command line
options to the pager: `-R`/`--RAW-CONTROL-CHARS`, `-F`/`--quit-if-one-screen` and `-X`/`--no-init`.
The first (`-R`) is needed to interpret ANSI colors correctly. The second option (`-F`) instructs
less to exit immediately if the output size is smaller than the vertical size of the terminal.
This is convenient for small files because you do not have to press `q` to quit the pager. The
third option (`-X`) is needed to fix a bug with the `--quit-if-one-screen` feature in old versions
of `less`. Unfortunately, it also breaks mouse-wheel support in `less`. If you want to enable
mouse-wheel scrolling, you can either pass just `-R` (as in the example above, this will disable
the quit-if-one-screen feature), or you can use a recent version of `less` and pass `-RF` which
will hopefully enable both quit-if-one-screen and mouse-wheel scrolling.
If scrolling still doesn't work for you, you can try to pass the `-S` option in addition.
2018-09-08 10:31:33 +02:00
## Using `bat` on Windows
`bat` mostly works out-of-the-box on Windows, but a few features may need extra configuration.
### Paging
Windows only includes a very limited pager in the form of `more`. You can download a Windows binary
for `less` [from its homepage](http://www.greenwoodsoftware.com/less/download.html) or [through
Chocolatey](https://chocolatey.org/packages/Less). To use it, place the binary in a directory in
your `PATH` or [define an environment variable](#using-a-different-pager).
### Colours
Windows 10 natively supports colours in both `conhost.exe` (Command Prompt) and PowerShell since
[v1511](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10_version_history#Version_1511_(November_Update)), as
well as in newer versions of bash. On earlier versions of Windows, you can use
[Cmder](http://cmder.net/), which includes [ConEmu](https://conemu.github.io/).
**Note:** The Git and MSYS versions of `less` do not correctly interpret colours on Windows. If you
dont have any other pagers installed, you can disable paging entirely by passing `--paging=never`
or by setting `BAT_PAGER` to an empty string.
### Cygwin
`bat` on Windows does not natively support Cygwin's unix-style paths (`/cygdrive/*`). When passed an absolute cygwin path as an argument, `bat` will encounter the following error: `The system cannot find the path specified. (os error 3)`
This can be solved by creating a wrapper or adding the following function to your `.bash_profile` file:
```shell
bat() {
local index
local args=("$@")
for index in $(seq 0 ${#args[@]}) ; do
case "${args[index]}" in
-*) continue;;
*) [ -e "${args[index]}" ] && args[index]="$(cygpath --windows "${args[index]}")";;
esac
done
command bat "${args[@]}"
}
```
2018-08-28 22:08:34 +02:00
## Troubleshooting
### Terminals & colors
`bat` handles terminals *with* and *without* truecolor support. However, the colors in the syntax
highlighting themes are not optimized for 8-bit colors and it is therefore strongly recommended
that you use a terminal with 24-bit truecolor support (`terminator`, `konsole`, `iTerm2`, ...).
See [this article](https://gist.github.com/XVilka/8346728) for more details and a full list of
terminals with truecolor support.
Make sure that your truecolor terminal sets the `COLORTERM` variable to either `truecolor` or
`24bit`. Otherwise, `bat` will not be able to determine whether or not 24-bit escape sequences
are supported (and fall back to 8-bit colors).
2018-09-03 22:12:41 +02:00
### Line numbers and grid are hardly visible
Please try a different theme (see `bat --list-themes` for a list). The `OneHalfDark` and
`OneHalfLight` themes provide grid and line colors that are brighter.
2018-08-28 21:03:03 +02:00
## Development
```bash
# Recursive clone to retrieve all submodules
git clone --recursive https://github.com/sharkdp/bat
# Build (debug version)
cd bat
cargo build
# Run unit tests and integration tests
cargo test
# Install (release version)
cargo install
# Build a bat binary with modified syntaxes and themes
bash assets/create.sh
cargo install -f
```
## Project goals and alternatives
`bat` tries to achieve the following goals:
- Provide beautiful, advanced syntax highlighting
- Integrate with Git to show file modifications
- Be a drop-in replacement for (POSIX) `cat`
- Offer a user-friendly command-line interface
There are a lot of alternatives, if you are looking for similar programs. See
[this document](doc/alternatives.md) for a comparison.