bat/README.md
2018-09-09 12:22:05 +02:00

317 lines
9.0 KiB
Markdown
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<p align="center">
<img src="doc/logo-header.svg" alt="bat - a cat clone with wings"><br>
<a href="https://travis-ci.org/sharkdp/bat"><img src="https://travis-ci.org/sharkdp/bat.svg?branch=master" alt="Build Status"></a>
<a href="https://ci.appveyor.com/project/sharkdp/bat"><img src="https://ci.appveyor.com/api/projects/status/cptsmtbiwbnr2vhf?svg=true"></a>
<img src="https://img.shields.io/crates/l/bat.svg" alt="license">
<a href="https://crates.io/crates/bat"><img src="https://img.shields.io/crates/v/bat.svg?colorB=319e8c" alt="Version info"></a><br>
A <i>cat(1)</i> clone with syntax highlighting and Git integration.
</p>
<p align="center">
<a href="#syntax-highlighting">Key Features</a>
<a href="#how-to-use">How To Use</a>
<a href="#installation">Installation</a>
<a href="#customization">Customization</a>
<a href="#project-goals-and-alternatives">Project goals, alternatives</a>
</p>
### Syntax highlighting
`bat` supports syntax highlighting for a large number of programming and markup
languages:
![Syntax highlighting example](https://imgur.com/rGsdnDe.png)
### Git integration
`bat` communicates with `git` to show modifications with respect to the index
(see left side bar):
![Git integration example](https://i.imgur.com/2lSW4RE.png)
### Automatic paging
`bat` can pipe its own output to `less` if the output is too large for one screen.
### File concatenation
Oh.. you can also use it to concatenate files :wink:. Whenever
`bat` detects a non-interactive terminal, it will fall back to printing
the plain file contents.
## How to use
Display a single file on the terminal
```bash
> bat README.md
```
Display multiple files at once
```bash
> bat src/*.rs
```
Read from stdin, explicitly specify the language
```bash
> yaml2json .travis.yml | json_pp | bat -l json
```
```bash
> curl -s https://raw.githubusercontent.com/sharkdp/bat/master/src/main.rs | bat -l rs
```
As a replacement for `cat`:
```bash
bat > note.md # quickly create a new file
bat header.md content.md footer.md > document.md
bat -n main.rs # show line numbers (only)
bat f - g # output 'f', then stdin, then 'g'.
```
## Installation
### On Ubuntu
*... and other Debian-based Linux distributions.*
Download the latest `.deb` package from the [release page](https://github.com/sharkdp/bat/releases)
and install it via:
``` bash
sudo dpkg -i bat_0.6.1_amd64.deb # adapt version number and architecture
```
### On Arch Linux
You can install [the `bat` package](https://www.archlinux.org/packages/community/x86_64/bat/)
from the official sources:
```bash
pacman -S bat
```
### On Void Linux
You can install `bat` via xbps-install:
```
xbps-install -S bat
```
### On FreeBSD
You can install a precompiled [`bat` package](https://www.freshports.org/textproc/bat) with pkg:
```bash
pkg install bat
```
or build it on your own from the FreeBSD ports:
```bash
cd /usr/ports/textproc/bat
make install
```
### On macOS
You can install `bat` with [Homebrew](http://braumeister.org/formula/bat):
```bash
brew install bat
```
### On Windows
You can download pre-built binaries from the [Release page](https://github.com/sharkdp/bat/releases),
or install it with [scoop](https://scoop.sh/):
```bash
scoop install bat
```
[See below](#using-bat-on-windows) for notes.
### From binaries
Check out the [Release page](https://github.com/sharkdp/bat/releases) for
prebuilt versions of `bat` for many different architectures.
### From source
If you want to build `bat` from source, you need Rust 1.26 or
higher. You can then use `cargo` to build everything:
```bash
cargo install bat
```
On macOS, you might have to install `cmake` (`brew install cmake`) in order for
some dependencies to be built.
## Customization
### Highlighting theme
Use `bat --list-themes` to get a list of all available themes for syntax
highlighting. To select the `TwoDark` theme, call `bat` with the
`--theme=TwoDark` option or set the `BAT_THEME` environment variable to
`TwoDark`. Use `export BAT_THEME="TwoDark"` in your shells startup file to
make the change permanent.
### Output style
You can use the `--style` option to control the appearance of `bat`s output.
You can use `--style=numbers,changes`, for example, to show only Git changes
and line numbers but no grid and no file header.
### Adding new syntaxes / language definitions
`bat` uses the excellent [`syntect`](https://github.com/trishume/syntect/)
library for syntax highlighting. `syntect` can read any
[Sublime Text `.sublime-syntax` file](https://www.sublimetext.com/docs/3/syntax.html)
and theme. To add new syntax definitions, do the following.
Create a folder with syntax definition files:
```bash
BAT_CONFIG_DIR="$(bat cache --config-dir)"
mkdir -p "$BAT_CONFIG_DIR/syntaxes"
cd "$BAT_CONFIG_DIR/syntaxes"
# Put new '.sublime-syntax' language definition files
# in this folder (or its subdirectories), for example:
git clone https://github.com/tellnobody1/sublime-purescript-syntax
```
Now use the following command to parse these files into a binary cache:
```bash
bat cache --init
```
Finally, use `bat --list-languages` to check if the new languages are available.
If you ever want to go back to the default settings, call:
```bash
bat cache --clear
```
### Adding new themes
This works very similar to how we add new syntax definitions.
First, create a folder with the new syntax highlighting themes:
```bash
BAT_CONFIG_DIR="$(bat cache --config-dir)"
mkdir -p "$BAT_CONFIG_DIR/themes"
cd "$BAT_CONFIG_DIR/themes"
# Download a theme in '.tmTheme' format, for example:
git clone https://github.com/greggb/sublime-snazzy
# Update the binary cache
bat cache --init
```
Finally, use `bat --list-themes` to check if the new themes are available.
### Using a different pager
`bat` uses the pager that is specified in the `PAGER` environment variable. If this variable is not
set, `less` is used by default. If you want to use a different pager, you can either modify the
`PAGER` variable or set the `BAT_PAGER` environment variable to override what is specified in
`PAGER`. If you want to pass command-line arguments to the pager, you need to create a small shell
script as a wrapper, for example:
```bash
#!/bin/bash
less --tabs 4 -RF "$@"
```
## Using `bat` on Windows
`bat` mostly works out-of-the-box on Windows, but a few features may need extra configuration.
### Paging
Windows only includes a very limited pager in the form of `more`. You can download a Windows binary
for `less` [from its homepage](http://www.greenwoodsoftware.com/less/download.html) or [through
Chocolatey](https://chocolatey.org/packages/Less). To use it, place the binary in a directory in
your `PATH` or [define an environment variable](#using-a-different-pager).
### Colours
Windows 10 natively supports colours in both `conhost.exe` (Command Prompt) and PowerShell since
[v1511](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_10_version_history#Version_1511_(November_Update)), as
well as in newer versions of bash. On earlier versions of Windows, you can use
[Cmder](http://cmder.net/), which includes [ConEmu](https://conemu.github.io/).
**Note:** The Git and MSYS versions of `less` do not correctly interpret colours on Windows. If you
dont have any other pagers installed, you can disable paging entirely by passing `--paging=never`
or by setting `BAT_PAGER` to an empty string.
## Troubleshooting
### Terminals & colors
`bat` handles terminals *with* and *without* truecolor support. However, the colors in the syntax
highlighting themes are not optimized for 8-bit colors and it is therefore strongly recommended
that you use a terminal with 24-bit truecolor support (`terminator`, `konsole`, `iTerm2`, ...).
See [this article](https://gist.github.com/XVilka/8346728) for more details and a full list of
terminals with truecolor support.
Make sure that your truecolor terminal sets the `COLORTERM` variable to either `truecolor` or
`24bit`. Otherwise, `bat` will not be able to determine whether or not 24-bit escape sequences
are supported (and fall back to 8-bit colors).
### Line numbers and grid are hardly visible
Please try a different theme (see `bat --list-themes` for a list). The `OneHalfDark` and
`OneHalfLight` themes provide grid and line colors that are brighter.
### Error when compiling: "cannot find -lz"
Please install the `zlib-devel` package and try again.
## Development
```bash
# Recursive clone to retrieve all submodules
git clone --recursive https://github.com/sharkdp/bat
# Build (debug version)
cd bat
cargo build
# Run unit tests and integration tests
cargo test
# Install (release version)
cargo install
# Build a bat binary with modified syntaxes and themes
bash assets/create.sh
cargo install -f
```
## Project goals and alternatives
`bat` tries to achieve the following goals:
- Provide beautiful, advanced syntax highlighting
- Integrate with Git to show file modifications
- Be a drop-in replacement for (POSIX) `cat`
- Offer a user-friendly command-line interface
There are a lot of alternatives, if you are looking for similar programs. See
[this document](doc/alternatives.md) for a comparison.