mirror of https://framagit.org/kyodev/kyopages.git
222 lines
6.0 KiB
Markdown
222 lines
6.0 KiB
Markdown
# howto install Solyd with chroot, without cd-rom drive
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useful on debian based system, if you haven't a cd-rom drive, or you can't boot from it, or as basic principle to install on uefi system.
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## preliminary
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you must adapt:
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* your downloaded iso: /home/_chargements/_isos/solyd/solydx32_201306.iso
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(with 2013.06, you have kernel 3.2, with 2013.08 kernel 3.9, with 2013.09 kernel 3.10)
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* target partition: /dev/sda10
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* eventualy, mounting point: /mnt/iso /mnt/target
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* new user: kyodev
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* your text editor : geany, replace with kate, mousepad, kwrite, gedit ...
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* your localization: fr
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## mount iso file
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```
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su # obtain root privileges
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# create mounting points
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mkdir /mnt/iso
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mkdir /mnt/target
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chmod o+r+X /mnt/target
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# choose your correct iso
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mount -t iso9660 /home/_chargements/_isos/solyd/solydx32_201306.iso /mnt/iso
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# verify squashfs filesystem location
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# before 08.2013:
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# ls /mnt/iso/casper/filesystem.squashfs
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# since 08.2013:
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ls /mnt/iso/solydxk/filesystem.squashfs
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#mount target partition
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mount /dev/sda10 /mnt/target
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# apt-get install squashfs-tools # eventualy, sometimes unsquashfs isn't installed, LM15 by example
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# uncompress squashfs filesystems; it will take few times
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unsquashfs -f -d /mnt/target /mnt/iso/solydxk/filesystem.squashfs
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```
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now you have iso system on your target partition
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## preparation new system outside chroot
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```shell
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cp /etc/fstab /mnt/target/etc/fstab
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# adapt fstab with future system
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blkid ; geany /mnt/target/etc/fstab
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# eventualy correct sources.list with stable or if older
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geany /mnt/target/etc/apt/sources.list
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# not necessary, possible description adaptation, for grub menu
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# change DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION SolydXK to SolydX or SolydK
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geany /mnt/target/etc/lsb-release
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# change machine name
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geany /mnt/target/etc/hostname
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geany /mnt/target/etc/hosts
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# for solydX, remove auto-login for solydxk user, lines near 78:
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# 'autologin-user=solydxk'
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# 'autologin-user-timeout=0'
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# will be:
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# '#autologin-user=solydxk'
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# '#autologin-user-timeout=0'
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# or
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# 'autologin-user=kyodev'
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# 'autologin-user-timeout=0'
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geany /mnt/target/etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf
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# connection preparation for chroot
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cp /etc/resolv.conf /mnt/target/etc/resolv.conf
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```
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now you are ready to chroot (enter in your futre system)
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## chroot
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```shell
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mount --bind /dev /mnt/target/dev
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mount --bind /run /mnt/target/run
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chroot /mnt/target
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mount -t proc none /proc ; mount -t sysfs none /sys ; mount -t devpts none /dev/pts
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# verify your chroot is ok, correct fstab by example: cat /etc/fstab and mount
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```
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## configuration
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now you are inside, you can adapt and prepare your future system, by example:
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```shell
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apt-get update
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### localization of future system
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# choose en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8 (already selected) fr_FR.UTF-8 UTF-8, adapt fr with your country
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# default locale fr_FR.UTF-8 UTF-8
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export LANG=fr_FR.UTF-8
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dpkg-reconfigure locales
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# verify that en, en_US.UTF-8, fr fr_FR.UTF-8 are already selected, adapt fr with your country
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apt install localepurge
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# https://wiki.debian.org/Keyboard
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dpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configuration
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# timeZone
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dpkg-reconfigure tzdata
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# adapt ln=fr, with your country; ln=it for example.
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ln=fr
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# for soldK KDE
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# unnecessary for solydX XFCE
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apt-get -y install kde-l10n-$ln
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# eventualy, localize applications
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apt install firefox-l10n-$ln
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apt install thunderbird-l10n-$ln
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apt install libreoffice-l10n-$ln
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# divers
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apt install lightning-l10n-$ln libreoffice-l10n-$ln libreoffice-help-$ln hunspell hunspell-$ln \
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hunspell-$ln-classical mythes-$ln hyphen-$ln
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tasksel install task-french-desktop task-french
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# remove live user
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deluser solydxk; groupdel solydxk
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rm -fr /home/solydxk
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# create new user
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adduser kyodev
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# add newuser to common groups (addgroup user group)
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#/!\ warning 2 lines to copy/paste
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for i in sys adm lp dialout cdrom floppy sudo audio dip video \
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plugdev netdev lpadmin sambashare; do addgroup kyodev $i; done
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# define a new password for root
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passwd root
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# purge file
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rm /boot/grub/device.map
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touch /boot/grub/device.map
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# update grub, verify that live boot options in /etc/default/grun are correct
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grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
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# eventualy install now as master grub,
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# grub-install /dev/sda
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# possible also: rm /boot/grub/grub.cfg and update-grub later.
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# in this case, grub.cfg of grub master will be made with /dev/sda11
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# if exists and installed, verify: apt policy extlinux
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# update uuid i extlinux
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# extlinux-update
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# remove unnecessary packages
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apt purge plymouth*
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rm -fr /usr/share/plymouth
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apt purge virtualbox*
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rm /usr/share/app-install/*/virtualbox.*
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rm /usr/share/solydxk/softwaremanager/installed/virtualbox*
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apt purge live-*
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rm -fr /usr/lib/live-installer
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rm /etc/rc*.d/*live-installer
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rm /var/tmp/live-installer-face.png
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apt purge ndiswrapper-dkms ndiswrapper-common ndiswrapper-utils-1.9
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apt purge steam*
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# see kbuild installed
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dpkg -l linux-kbuild-*
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# remove unnecessary, example: linux-kbuild-3.2 linux-kbuild-3.9 for 2913.09 isos:
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# apt purge linux-kbuild-3.2 linux-kbuild-3.9
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# example to adapt
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# verify your correct architecture installed to future upgrades
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# for example, you must have for 486:
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# i linux-headers-486
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# i linux-image-486
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# install or remove if necessary
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apt search linux | egrep '(linux-image|linux-headers)-(486|686|amd64)'
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# for Kde
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# example to adapt
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apt purge konqueror kopete kppp kaddressbook ktorrent libktorrent-l10n ktorrent-data
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apt autoremove
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apt purge `deborphan`
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# few settings
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echo 'vm.swappiness=5' >> /etc/sysctl.d/local_custom.conf
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echo 'vm.vfs_cache_pressure=50' >> /etc/sysctl.d/local_custom.conf
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echo 'vm.dirty_background_ratio=15' >> /etc/sysctl.d/local_custom.conf
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echo 'vm.dirty_ratio=30' >> /etc/sysctl.d/local_custom.conf
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```
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now, your system is ready
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## unchroot
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```shell
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umount /dev/pts ; umount /sys ; umount /proc
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exit
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umount /mnt/target/dev ; umount /mnt/target/run
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```
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now you can remove your earlier preparation
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## menage
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```shell
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umount /mnt/target
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umount /mnt/iso
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rmdir /mnt/target
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rmdir /mnt/iso
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exit
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```
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tried with solyd X&K 32 2013.06, solydX32 2013.09, from Solyd and LM15
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